RE as an alternative source of energy in Malaysia is still at premature stage of its development and adoption. This is mainly due to lack of public awareness and participation toward new technology advancement. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to determine and present a proposed theoretical model on the relationship between public participation by measuring their willingness to pay for energy generated from RE resources and its determinants that influenced the willingness to pay level. Awareness on RE, degree of knowledge on RE, willingness to adopt RE technology, environmental concern and attitude toward RE usage are constructed as the five selected determinants. The relationship between the determinants and public participation is illustrated using theoretical framework because it allows the reader to understand how public participation that measured by willingness to pay level are being influenced. Thus, ten hypotheses on the correlation and causal effect between the dependent and independent variables are developed. Quantitative research methods will be used to achieve the research objectives. A questionnaire on 5-point likert scale will be developed and collected from 500 respondents through systematic sampling method at Kiang Valley, Malaysia. Correlation of the variables will be analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and ordered probit model will be used to measure the causal effect between the variables. These efforts are useful to ensure future success of RE development in Malaysia.

Implementation of residential Maximum Demand (MD) charges is desirable among utilities and regulators to establish a ratemaking framework that will better reflect the cost of generating and delivering electricity. The objective of this paper is to develop and validate public acceptance on willingness to pay (PAWP) MD charge in Malaysia. The items of this newly developed scale were derived from previous published quantitative studies. Validity and reliability of the PAWP on MD charge were assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). 154 respondents participated in this study. Descriptive statistics and EFA were used to determine validity of the PAWP on MD charge. Cronbach's alpha and item analysis verified the reliability of PAWP on MD charge. The determinants of willingness to pay comprised four factors with 30 items for PAWP on MD charge in their monthly electricity bill. Findings from this study indicate that the EFA provide an imperative result that questionnaire such PAWP scales has appropriate and adequate construct validity and reliability to use as a measurement instrument in obtaining the data from target respondents for this study.

Maximum demand (MD) is a peak load contributed by the customer to TNB system at any point in time. MD charge is important to ensure that customers is paying a fair share on the burden that they place on the electric grid. Currently, the MD charge is only being imposed on Commercial and Industrial customers. In order to achieve economic viability, electricity price should be cost-reflective. This means the MD charge should be paid by all electricity customers including the domestic sector. It is the purpose of this study to investigate if the MD charge eventually need to be paid, how willing are the public to pay market reflective energy pricing with an addition of MD charge in their electricity bill. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between determinants such as understanding of electricity bills, understanding of electricity pricing, awareness on amount electricity consumption, socio-economic.factors and public affordability on, the public willingness to pay for the MD charges using a proposed theoretical framework. For data collection purpose, a questionnaire on 5-point Likert scale will be developed and data will be collected from 50 random respondents from peninsular Malaysia. The study developed ten hypotheses that is used to validate the relationship between willingness to pay MD charge and its determinants Correlation will be analyzed

There are still limited numbers of studies on existing measures of public participation towards RE development in Malaysia. The developments of the measurement for assessing public participation also seem to require some extent of revalidation. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to examine the factor structure of public participation that measured by willingness to pay level and it determinants that influence the public willingness to pay. The items of this developed scale were derived from previous published quantitative study. Validity and reliability of the instruments were assessed with EFA. One hundred and seventy two public had participated in this study. Results from this exploratory study revealed that the originally validated form of every factor structure (Willingness to pay (WTP), Awareness on RE (ARE), Knowledge on RE (KRE), Willingness to adopt RE technology (WTA) and Attitude towards RE usage (AURE)) except for Environmental concern (EC) did not, perform as per previous literatures within this research context. Therefore, a total of 16-items revised in public participation toward RE measurement might be better suited for use within the selected population. However, all the revised factor structure of WTP, ARE, KRE, WTA, EC and AURE had a good reliability measured by the following Cronbach's Alpha, alpha(WTP) = 0.897, alpha(ARE) = 0.932, alpha(KRE) = 0.833, alpha(WTA) = 0.901, alpha(EC) = 0.914 and alpha(AURE) = 0.826. This information provides preliminary evidence that the public participation towards RE instrument is a reliable and a valid measure that can be used to provide the data regarding RE development in Malaysia. However, this study sample size maybe viewed as relatively small, thus, future study should cross validate the results by engaging larger sample size.