This study aims to examine strategic planning and training strategy on job performance among Palestinian police officers through soft skills as mediator. The research design was the cross-sectional quantitative approach. The research population was Palestinian police officers of both genders in the West Bank, with a total of 642 officers. The research sample was 244 officers determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s (1970) sampling table. Sample selection was based on the stratified simple random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through distributed self-reported questionnaires comprising of 69 indicators as measures of the research variables. The study used the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v. 26 software for descriptive and demographic analysis as well as for data cleaning and filtering. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach was then applied using SMART PLS to test the research hypotheses. The research results showed statistically significant positive effects of strategic planning (β = 0.400, t = 6.163, p < 0.01), training strategy (β = 0.318, t = 4.86, p < 0.01), and soft skills (β = 0.287, t = 3.34, p < 0.05) on job performance. Additionally, the research findings revealed that soft skills significantly mediated the relationships between strategic planning and job performance β = 0.287, t > 1.645, p < 0.001) and training strategy and job performance (β = 0.081, t > 1.645, p < 0.05). The findings of this study suggest that improving and strengthening the soft skills element can influence strategic planning and training strategies with regards to the job performance of police officers in Palestine. The theoretical implications of this study also contribute towards the construction of a new model to improve job performance by means of increasing awareness towards strategic planning and training strategy, in addition to soft skills. Finally, the practical implications of this study have significant influence for the decision-making of top management of the Palestinian Police Force, with the fundamental objective of decreasing crime and ensure public safety and social structure.

The study aimed to identify the impact of Managerial Obstacles on institutional performance in the General Directorate of Social Development and Social Institutions in Dhofar Governorate and verify the effectiveness of social institutions as a mediating variable. This study relied on the use of the descriptive-analytical method. The study adopted questionnaires to collect data according to previous studies with minor modifications. The study sample consisted of (327) individuals working in the directorate, which numbered (25) institutions and directorates. The questionnaire consisted of (57) items and (5) items for demographic information. The required statistical tests were conducted to achieve the study's objectives, starting from analyzing the primary statistical data using the (SPSS) program, which summarized the descriptive data of the study sample and examined the data. The structural equation modeling program - (SEM-AMOS) was used to test the study's hypotheses. The study found a direct, positive, statistically significant effect of the effectiveness of institutions on institutional performance in the General Directorate of Social Development in Dhofar Governorate. It also found a direct, negative, statistically significant effect of managerial obstacles on the effectiveness of institutions in the General Directorate of Social Development in Dhofar Governorate. Moreover, it also showed a direct, negative, statistically significant effect of administrative obstacles on institutional performance in the Directorate General of Social Development in Dhofar Governorate. The results also confirmed that social institutions' effectiveness partially mediates the relationship between managerial obstacles and institutional performance in the General Directorate of Social Development. This study has theoretical and practical implications that will contribute to the body of literature in Arab and international libraries by adding the model to the current study. This study will contribute to the targeted community by providing empirical results that show the most important obstacles that the Directorate General of Social Development in Dhofar Governorate suffers from.

The study aimed to find out the role of motivation as a mediating variable in the relationship between the variables of innovation and smart government practices of administrative empowerment for educational institution employees in the Emirates, which represented the variables and the researcher adopted them as a field of study by measuring the degree of influence of innovative skills and smart government application and the role of motivation in the relationship between them. The researcher followed the descriptive analytical method to achieve the purpose and objectives of the study and test its hypotheses, using a questionnaire designed as the main tool for collecting data in this study. The study population was determined by the human resources at the Emirates Education Foundation. The responding sample was drawn from the sampling units in the three school branches of the Emirates Education Foundation (zone director, deputy director of scope, head of the department of school principals and their deputies, and administrators at the Emirates Education Foundation, such as an academic advisor, a psychologist, and administrators in Emirates Education Foundation schools, numbering 2,750 individuals. The researcher used advanced statistical methods for analysis. Statistical software packages (SPSS) to obtain descriptive analyses to classify them into complete groups, and structural modeling software (Smart - PLS) to analyze the data and indicate the path of relationships and their interpretation between external, internal, and mediating variables and the amount of influence in the standard and structural model. The practical results of the study concluded that the study hypotheses had strong statistical significance with acceptable values. The objectives of the study were achieved, the most important of which is the finding that innovation is directly and fundamentally linked to the presence of motivation as a mediating variable to empowering the employees of the Emirates Foundation for School Education in the United Arab Emirates, and innovation affects the presence of motivation as a mediating variable. Empowering employees leads to improving the empowerment ability of Emirates School Education Foundation employees. The study concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to pay attention to applying the administrative empowerment curriculum at the Emirates Foundation for School Education in its four dimensions (freedom of choice, the meaning of work, self-efficacy, and influence in decision-making), and consolidating the concept of smart transformation at the Emirates Foundation for School Education in a way that works on administrative empowerment and contributes to Employees perform their work easily and conveniently, and look at motivation strategies from a comprehensive perspective that achieves the desired integration, interaction and connection with the empowerment strategy of the Emirates School Education Foundation. This will contribute to solving the problems referred to in this study, including the weakness of administrative empowerment among employees in the surveyed community in the United Arab Emirates.