The followers of deviant movements have an extraordinary level of obedience towards their sheikhs or spiritual leaders. The leaders are regarded as religious sources that determine certain practices and are considered ma‘sum or infallible by his followers. They would therefore blindly follow what their leaders want and desire without much resistance. This has resulted in an extraordinary level of worship exceeding the level accorded for the Prophet s.a.w. Individuals involved in such extreme worshipping risk putting themselves in a major shirk. This article seeks to address the issue of extreme attitude or al-Ghuluw, and the concept of worshipping the spiritual leaders from the Islamic points of view by using the document analysis method. The results of the study have found that these religious leaders are regarded as a point of reference to certain practices, and are considered infallible or free from sin. In more extreme cases, these leaders are deemed to have divine attributes.

Tafakkur is an act of thinking, contemplating, reflecting, training and tadabbur that encompass human’s mind, heart and spiritual. Thus, this study was conducted to further elaborate on tafakkur by realizing three selected objectives. Which is, explaining the consept of tafakkur, explaining the concept of tafakkur according to Islamic scholars and identifying the concept of tafakkur practiced by the Sufis. The methodology of this study is a library study to collect information, data and theories involved. Then, the data were analyzed by using content analysis method. The results of the study found that the practice of tafakkur produces individuals who are enlightened (Ulu al-Bab), have a strong hold to a knowledge, not easily influenced by others and able to see the wisdom behind a test. The practice of tafakkur also benefits the body and the soul of the practitioner plus to the community surrounding. In addition, the practice of tafakkur have become routine worship to Sufis members then accompanied by other tasawwuf elements. For example, element of `uzlah, suluk, khulwah, dhikir, riyaḍah and muraqabah so that the tafakkur practice is more complete and effective. The ultimate goal of tafakkur practice is to know Allah SWT with the ultimate knowledge through the concept of al-Fana`, al-Baqa`and Ma`rifah Allah. Keywords: Concept of Tafakkur, al-Fana’, al-Bawa’, Ma’rifah Allah

Meditation is one of the practices in Buddhism that is oriented based on the reason to form, control and train the mind to face, accept and manage things or problems in our lives, so that we can remain calm and patience. In Kelantan, the Siamese, which is the minority ethnic, who believe in Theravada Buddhism practice the meditation. Therefore, this study presents three objectives that is purposed to explain and elaborate the meditation practice in detail. The objectives are to explain the history of the arrival of Buddhism in Kelantan, to clarify the concept of meditation in Buddhism’s teachings, and to identify the concept of meditation based on Theravada, one of the schools of Buddhism, in Kelantan. In carrying out this study, the researcher implements the content analysis method to examine the observed literature review. The researcher also employs library research to gather the data. This study found that the meditation practice among the Theravada Buddhist in Kelantan is dominated by the Siamese who is originated from Thailand. While, the form, the way and the objective of meditation that is practiced there is to appreciate the teachings of Buddhism, Dhamma and Sangha such as Sila and Atthasila in the concept of Four Noble Truth and Noble Eightfold Path to achieve the eternal happiness, and to become a true Bikkhu (Arahat) and to honour the Three Jewels of Buddhism. Keywords: Meditation, Four Noble Truth, Noble Eightfold Path, true Bikkhu, Three Jewels of Buddhism.

The Forty-Hadith is one of the most famous compilations of hadith books and the most authored and diverse. It shows the great mastery of the hadith scholars in the method of classifying their forties, their conditions, and their contents, and the diversity of their approaches and topics dealt with different purposes. Their creativity in renewing the approach of hadith and its presentation to Muslims generally. Forty hadiths that collect 40 hadiths of our prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, on various topics and purposes. This type of work has a significant place in the Islamic religious culture. This article attempts to brief and contribute in this sector, especially in studying the literature of the 40 Hadith of Malaysian scholars, and the researcher applies the inductive method by collecting the relevant scientific material and describing it briefly. This article shows the abundance of the Forty-Hadith works in Malaysia and the diversity of their content.

The Malaysian government seeks to purify the hadith of the Prophet from weak and fabricated hadiths, and to limit its spread in society, due to its bad impact on the Malay Muslim community, whether in their act of worship or in their beliefs. The Ministry of Home Affairs had lined up a specific committee to verify the hadith of our Prophet Muhammad Peace Be Upom Him. One of the notable tasks is, The policy of organizing writings and publishing hadith texts in Malaysia, and reviewing and evaluating the hadiths of the Prophet. In this paper we study the guidance for writing and spreading hadith texts issued by that committee, and we followed the descriptive and analytical approach, and this study was based on presenting, evaluating and criticizing these guidelines in comparison to the sayings of the renowned scholars in this Great Science, and among the results of the paper is that the committee does its work on significant scientific foundations and discipline.