Teenage pregnancy is associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity. Some postulate that it is due to biological immaturity, while others postulate that it is due to inadequate antenatal care. The objective of this study is to compare the maternal and neonatal outcome between married and unmarried teenage mothers. A retrospective study was conducted from 2009 to 2012, where mothers aged below 20 year old were included. Maternal and neonatal outcome was assessed. A total of 750 patients aged below 20 year old delivered at Hospital Ampang. The trend of teenage pregnancy decreased from 3.1% in 2009 to 2.2% in 2012. A total of 578 (77.1%) mothers were married, while 172 (22.9%) were unmarried. Being unmarried was significantly associated with unbooked (p<0.001), preterm birth (p= 0.00468), and lower birth weight (p< 0.0001, and unpaired T-Test with 95% CI-0.2607 to-0.0933). However there is no significant difference in the number of mothers with hypertensive disease (p= 0.88428), diabetes in pregnancy (p= 0.39602), mode of delivery (p= 0.055 vaginal delivery, p = 0.4419 caesarean section, and p= 0.9097 instrumental deliveries) and NICU admission (p= 0.3779) between the two groups. Unmarried teenage pregnancy is associated with a lack of antenatal care, preterm birth, and lower birth weight compared to their married counterpart. � 2017 Universiti Putra Malaysia Press.

Goat’s milk can be considered as one type of natural functional food due to its variety of nutritional benefits. Nowadays, the dairy milk production in Malaysia is highly focusing on cow’s milk compared to goat’s milk. However, the demand for goat’s milk is increasing especially among Muslims as it is considered as one of the foods which consumed by the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 221 residents in Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. This study showed that the practice of drinking goat’s milk among the local residents was still low; only 11.8% of the residents consumed goat’s milk daily and 40% chose goat’s milk in its powdered form. The main barriers to goat’s milk consumption included: not interested to consume goat’s milk (54%), unpleasant taste (51.3%) and non-staple food (50.8%). This study also found that knowledge (r2= 0.200, p = 0.003) and attitude (r2= 0.174, p<0.001) are positively correlated with goat’s milk consumption. In conclusion, further health intervention need to be done to promote the practice of drinking goat’s milk. With proper knowledge and positive attitude, the consumption of goat’s milk may improve the quality of life and sustain an optimal wellness and health throughout life.

Salat is the essential way of connecting Muslims with Allah, the Creator. Salat is also an important way of coping especially for those who are facing hardships and difficulties such as having chronic or acute illnesses. This study determines the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice among patients admitted to the Hospital Langkawi, Kedah. From January to December 2015, a cross sectional study on a sample of 166 respondents was conducted. The sample was selected using simple random sampling and the information was elicited through face-to-face interviews using a validated, self-constructed questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21.0. The results showed that 78.9% (n = 131) of the respondents did not perform salat while in the ward due to their illnesses mainly because they do not know how to perform rukhsah salat (77.7%, n = 129). Overall, 48.2% (n = 80) of the respondents claimed that nobody guided them on how to perform salat and how to take ablution (wudhu�) (47.6%, n = 79) while in the ward. The most important person who teaches the respondents on how to perform Salat in the ward is the religious officer (27.7%, n = 46) and nurses (13.3%, n = 22). Generally, more than half of the respondents still have a low knowledge (53.6%, n = 89) and a low attitude (61.4%, n = 102) on performing rukhsah salat while being admitted. As a conclusion, healthcare providers need to have knowledge regarding rukhsah salat and hold a responsibility to educate patients especially those admitted and more importantly debilitated due to their illnesses while in the ward. � 2017 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

A 25-year-old gravida 2 para 1 with 12-week amenorrhoea presented a second time for recurrent vomiting in pregnancy. She was diagnosed to have a missed miscarriage following absent fetal heart seen in an early scan. She opted for conservative management. However, on the third presentation, her vomiting continued. Repeated transvaginal ultrasound scan showed a fetus with a crown rump length of 19 mm, which is equivalent to 8 weeks and 4 days, with absence of fetal heart pulsation. Thyroid function tests and ? human chorionic gonadotropin were then requested. Results showed that the patient's serum ? human chorionic gonadotropin level was markedly raised to 147 000. A molar pregnancy was suspected. Her thyroid function tests came back normal. Suction curettage was performed and histopathology confirmed a partial molar pregnancy. On follow-up, the ? human chorionic gonadotropin level was normal by 7 weeks after the curettage. Copyright 2016 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.