Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a neurological disorder that is characterised by cognitive deficits. There are many studies that support the health benefits of music across the lifespan. Music has been reported to improve symptoms of psychiatric conditions such as dementia, autism, and ADHD. The aim of this study is to systematically review the effect of music on cognitive performance in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

‘Klinik Pakar Mata Bergerak’ (KLiP Mobile), translated to specialised ophthalmology mobile clinic is a programme that provides ophthalmology care in the rural community of Negeri Sembilan. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cataracts and its associated factors among rural adults in Malaysia through an outreach programme of specialised ophthalmology services by KLiP Mobile. This is a cross-sectional study carried out from January 2016 until March 2018 and was conducted in rural areas of all seven districts in the state of Negeri Sembilanvisited by the KLiP Mobile. Universal sampling was applied to all adults attending the mobile clinic. The participants are those who were referred by the government community clinics and walk-in patients. The total number of participants in this study was 1480. The mean (SD) age for the study population was 56 (16.9), by which majority were Malay (n = 1220, 82.4%) and female (n = 809, 54.7%). Most of them received either primary (n = 604, 42.4%) or secondary education (n = 577, 40.5%). The majority of participants were categorized into the low-income group, with a monthly income of less than RM 3,000 (n = 1118, 92.4%). The prevalence of cataracts in the study population was 28.6%. In the multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with cataracts were being male, having no formal education, race and suffering from hypertension. The prevalence of cataracts in rural areas is considerably high. This study highlights the need for baseline information for future study or as the main reference by the policymakers for policy development related to improving vision and eye care among the populations in Malaysia.

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a more serious clinical presentation of diabetic retinopathy. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is an effective laser treatment for PDR. The heat from the laser shrinks the blood vessels to prevent them from re-growing. However, in most cases, severe visual loss still develops despite therapy. The aim of this study was to examine the effect on visual acuity after PRP in PDR by conducting a systematic review. The search was systematically done on seven databases; MEDLINE, SCIENCE DIRECT, CINAHL COMPLETE, COCHRANE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and EMBASE. The search focused on any studies related to the effect of PRP on visual acuity in PDR. The search strategies were done by using keywords related to �Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy�, �Panretinal Photocoagulation� and �Visual Acuity�. A total of 1775 abstracts were initially identified. 575 abstracts were removed after duplication. The remaining of 1200 abstracts were reviewed by looking at the titles, abstracts and full papers using pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, after which only two were included in the review. These two studies showed that there is loss on visual acuity immediately after PRP treatment on PDR, but time to the recovery of vision varies from nine days to three months. There were only two studies on the effect of PRP on visual acuity in PDR. Therefore, more research which specifically focused on the effect of PRP should be carried out to investigate more on the effectiveness of the treatment.