In assisted reproductive treatment, monitoring of follicular size using serial ultrasound is essential to access ovarian response. Traditional method requires doctors to measure the follicle size manually which will lead to inaccurate findings. As for more consistent and reliable parameter of follicular growth, an automated feature description may offer better accuracy in estimating to the response. In this study, by using two-dimensional ultrasound to acquire data from the ovaries, the ultrasound result will indicate the feature description automatically without manual calculation. This automated feature description is developed based on image processing technique using canny edge-detection method in MATLAB. It provides the analysis of the features based on area, perimeter, compactness, major and minor axis and centroid dataset to identify the follicle size

Endometriosis cyst or endometrium is commonly found in women with subfertility. Traditionally, medical technologies fail to detect the disease automatically and it is fully dependent on the doctors to determine the peritoneal disease where it may lead to inaccurate findings. A method of assessment may give more accurate detection without the need for surgical procedure, especially in monitoring disease recurrence. This will avoid surgical risk and will not delay the management. In this study, the feature description is developed using pattern recognition, involving image processing techniques; the ultrasonic images is used as input in which the region of interest of images, image segmentation, feature extraction are studied

Diagnostic tools such as Point-of-Care (POC) analysis usually requires an on-site testing and measurements. Hence, to ease the fluid sample handling, microfluidics technology has been opted frequently to be incorporated with lab-on-chip (LOC). Therefore, an easy and conventional method of design and fabrication of the microfluidic device implemented. In this study, the device is fabricated with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and SU-8 using soft lithography technique. Herein, we focus on fluid transportation which is applied in clinical diagnostics and the transfer rate to the desired position as well as the fluid leakage during the transportation. Hence, the microfluidic sample transport channeling provides a practical solution for POC technological advances to study the biological systems that yield a better result in quantitative measurements and providing researchers new tools for life science research.

An all-optical demultiplexing of 40-Gb/s DPSK OTDM channels by using Raman-amplifier-soliton-compressor (RASC) flexible control-window is demonstrated. In comparison with other scheme, the function of RASC is not only as a control gate controller but also to amplify the signal with picosecond width-tunable output signal. Error free operation was achieved for the proposed all-optical 1:4 demultiplexer over all time demultiplexed 10 Gb/s return-to-zero (RZ)-differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals with less than 2-dB power penalties at 10(-9) bit-error-rate (BER). The experimental results show that this scheme is expected to be scalable toward higher bit-rates.

‘Janus particle’ refers the generation of two particles in single system having different physical properties and two surfaces involved in the formation of Janus are having different chemistries. In this study, we created the Janus using a hybrid of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and gold (Au) on the sensor surface towards making a high-performance DNA sensor. In the current work, we present a novel solution process which involve single-step process to synthesize Janus ZnO/Au textured film using sol-gel method.

This paper primarily demonstrates the approach to enhance the sensing performance on antigen C-reactive protein (CRP) and anti-CRP antibody binding event. A nanogapped electrode structure with the gap of similar to 100 nm was modified by the anti-CRP antibody (Probe) to capture the available CRP. In order to increase the amount of antigen to be captured, a gold nanorod with 119 nm in length and 25 nm in width was integrated, to increase the surface area. A comparative study between the existence and non-existence of gold nanorod utilization was evaluated. Analysis of the sensing surface was well-supported by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, 3D nano-profilometry, high-power microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The dielectric voltammetric analysis was carried out from 0 V to 2 V. The sensitivity was calculated based on 3 sigma and attained as low as 1 pM, which is tremendously low compared to real CRP concentration (119 nM) in human blood serum. The gold nanorod conjugation with antibody has enhanced the sensitivity to 100 folds (10 fM). The specificity of the CRP detection by the proposed strategy was anchored by ELISA and failure in the detection of human blood clotting factor IX by voltammetry. Despite, CRP antigen was further detected in human serum by spiking CRP to runthrough the detection with the physiologically relevant samples.

This research presents an application of Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) linear sensor and laser diode in an optical tomography system. Optical tomography is a non-invasive and non-intrusive method of capturing a cross-sectional image of multiphase flow. The measurements are based on the final light intensity received by the sensor and this approach is limited to detect solid objects only. The aim of this research is to analyse and demonstrate the capability of laser with a CCD in an optical tomography system for detecting objects with different clarity in crystal clear water. Experiments for detecting transparent objects were conducted. The object's diameter and image reconstruction can also be observed. As a conclusion, this research has successfully developed a non-intrusive and non-invasive optical tomography system that can detect objects in crystal clear water.