Icons are widely used in mobile applications as visual displays that can assist the acquisition and understanding of information. An icon creates better visual perception with the ability to communicate meaning. Icon design is an approach of designing a graphic icon that can express a specific meaning. Icon design principles and elements are considered as major factors for mobile user interface that would lead to higher icon usability and acceptance of mobile applications. The study is undertaken to conduct a systematic review of published scientific literature on icon design elements for mobile applications. The chosen articles were published between 2014 and 2019, with full text provided and written in the English language. The electronic databases used were Google Scholar, Scopus, ProQuest, and Research Gate. Other sources include secondary data through books and web pages. The search terms used were "mobile icon design", "mobile icon design principle", "mobile icon design element"and "apps icon design". The outcomes of this paper are a comparative study and proposed elements for icon design that will contribute to the field of icon design for mobile application. The proposed elements for icon design consist of recognizable, colour, simple, semantics, familiarity, shape, aesthetic, consistency, uniqueness and concreteness. These proposed elements for icon design can assist designers and researchers in designing icons for mobile application that would improve user experience by enhancing the meaning of icons to users. � Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Many traditional usability metrics were purposely created for desktop computer applications and may not be directly applicable to mobile device applications. Usability metrics refer as means of measuring or evaluating the usability factors, attributes and related measurable criteria corresponding to usability attributes. The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the usability attributes and metrics of mobile device applications by using the unsupervised usability evaluation tool. Subjective and objective measurements were used to clarify the usability metrics collected in the log file which are generated by the unsupervised usability tool. The proposed Mobile Application Usability Evaluation Metrics (MAUEM) model can provides guidance on how and what to measure for each usability attribute which could lead to a complete usability evaluation for a mobile application. � 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.

This research aims to analyze the importance and relationships between the usability attributes for mobile application. The usability attributes were grouped into nine (9) factors such as efficiency, effectiveness, learnability, memorability, errors, satisfaction, cognitive workload, simplicity, and interruptibility. A total of 411 useable questionnaires form the basis of analysis. The results revealed that Errors (Mean = 3.82) was the most important usability attribute for mobile application and there was a significant correlation between satisfaction and errors, (r = .591, n = 411, p <.01). The numbers of navigational errors can potentially effects on user performance, user progress and user perception toward mobile applications. Many respondents also agreed that the higher satisfaction (Mean = 3.75), the more simple interface (Mean = 3.72), and the less cognitive workload attribute (Mean = 3.71) may enhance the level of usability of mobile application. Interestingly, satisfaction was found correlated with cognitive load (r = .553, n = 411, p <.01) and learnability was found correlated with memorability (r = .480, n = 411, p <.01). This study contributed in providing an insight into the importance and relationships between usability attributes which can be applied in usability measurement for mobile applications. � 2017 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

Mobile applications available in anytime and from anywhere. The utilizing of mobile governmental applications is significant to reduce the efforts and time that are required to accomplish the public services by citizens. The main challenges that face the acceptance and adoption of mobile governmental applications are the privacy and security issues. The users, who do not trust the security of mobile governmental applications, may reject the use of these applications which discourages the government to adopt the mobile services. This study focuses in investigating the security and privacy requirements of mobile government applications. Many related works are reviewed and discussed to understand the important security requirements of mobile government applications. The main results indicate that effective privacy and security of mobile government applications should be assured so as to enhance the level of adopting and using these applications. The security requirements involve many considerations such as the hardware characteristics, software characteristics, and communication characteristics. This article mainly gives better understanding of security requirements of mobile government applications. � 2018 Authors.