Peranan serangga dalam kehidupan manusia memberikan suatu keseimbangan dalam ekosistem. Sumbangan serangga dalam dunia sains tiada noktah dengan penemuan-penemuan baru spesies yang boleh dikaji untuk penyelidikan seterusnya. Dalam Islam, para sarjana menyifatkan teks-teks bersumberkan wahyu adalah sebagai bukti kebesaran tuhan di samping memberikan pelbagai pengajaran kepada manusia. Namun belum ada kajian dilakukan untuk melihat secara tematik dan kecenderungan perihal serangga yang disebutkan dalam teks-teks primer perundangan Islam. Objektif dan Tujuan: Kajian ini mengenal pasti dan menganalisis perihal serangga yang disebutkan dalam al-Quran dan al-Sunnah mengikut tema sebutan. Metodologi: Kajian menggunakan metode analisis kandungan terhadap sumber-sumber primer rujukan berteraskan wahyu dalam Islam. Dengan menggabungkan serangga yang dijumpai hasil carian 6236 ayat dalam al-Quran, senarai tersebut dijadikan sampel teori dan diteruskan terhadap ribuan hadis-hadis yang terdapat dalam Sunan Sittah, rujukan utama dokumen hadis bagi pendalilan dalam Islam. Dapatan Kajian: Kajian menemukan bahawa serangga telah disebutkan melalui pelbagai tema sama ada di dalam al-Quran mahupun al-Sunnah. Terdapat sebanyak 104 hadis berkaitan serangga dan dikelaskan mengikut lapan tema seperti perumpamaan/pengajaran/sifat, kebersihan/mandi, pemakanan, muamalat, pemakaian, ibadah, perubatan dan rujukan bagi penamaan surah. Hasil analisis ini menunjukkan peranan serangga sebagai sebahagian daripada elemen penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Ia menunjukkan integrasi naqli (teks bersumberkan wahyu) dan aqli (percambahan pemikiran oleh manusia) relevan sepanjang zaman. Kajian lanjut perlu dilakukan bagi melihat fokus utama tema-tema yang telah didapati dari perihal serangga yang disebutkan tersebut. Dalam konteks pengajian Islam, disarankan agar status hadis-hadis yang berkaitan dengan perihal serangga tersebut dikaji dengan lebih lanjut. Sementara huraian dari pentafsiran yang berautoriti perlu dikaji dan diteroka agar maksud sebenar bukti-bukti kehidupan yang diisyaratkan oleh ilmuan silam dapat diterjemahkan sebagai suatu kerangka baru era moden.

Allah has created various kinds of animals and some of them have been mentioned in the Qur'an for example, bee. Bees have high value to humans. This paper aims to describe about bee from Quranic perspective of bee in Surah Al-Nahl and present the scientific prove. In this study, researcher can determined some problem which is the main problem is why animals are narrated in the Quran and what is the function of bees to humans. Thus, Surah Al-Nahl verse 68-69 which contains a total of 39 words is analysed qualitatively by using content analysis, which is by categorizing the word that related to bee based on these verses. It is found that there is a total of 3 words which is from adjective or noun sura al-Nahl is related to bee. From these 39 words in this verse, we can analysed bee as feminine or masculin based on lingusitic perspective. This study is expected to increase the understanding and knowledge the creation and creation of God, especially bees that have many benefits and benefits to humans.

Sonneratia caseolaris commonly known as mangrove apple or Berembang in the Malay language, is a species of plant in the family Lythraceae. Area of S. caseolaris along Selangor River in Kampung Kuantan has become a natural habitat for a variety of arthropods. This study aimed to identify the species variations in arthropod communities at different selected stations along Selangor River at two different sampling times. Present study was conducted for six consecutive months (August 2010 until January 2011) at 19 selected stations along the Selangor River. Sampling was conducted once per day and night. Sweeping method by using sweep nets were used as the arthropod sampling method. Data analysis was done quantitatively to determine the composition of arthropod community. A total of 7,707 individual arthropods collected belonging to 10 different orders consisting of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Neuroptera, Orthoptera, Odonata, Lepidoptera, Blattodea, Mantodea and Araneae. A total of 4,563 arthropod individuals were sampled at night, which was more than the daytime (3,144 individuals), with Station 17 recorded the highest arthropod individual out of the 19 sampling sites. During the night, the firefly, that belongs to the Lampyridae family showed the highest arthropod composition. The presence of arthropod biodiversity along the Selangor River reveals that the S. caseolaris area is important in maintaining a diverse community of fireflies and other arthropods for conservation purposes.

Surah Al-Nahl is the 16th chapter in the Qur'an and among the contents of this surah is the reference to bees and honey and its nutrition. From the medicine perspective, bees are a main agent and play a big role in honey production. Trend of research publications on bee and honey were studied before. Therefore, this paper will analyze the trend research publications on I’jaz Studies in Surah Al-Nahl from previous studies in view of bibliometrics analysis. The study focused on content analysis, especially in the field of primary research on the topic and then presents the data into three types: a) publication types of previous studies b) fields of previous studies and c) language medium of previous studies. This study uses bibliometrics analysis to examine the results of past research publications on bee and honey in Surah Al-Nahl. Bibliometric is the use of statistical methods to analyze books, articles, and other publications. Many research fields use bibliometric methods to explore the impact of their field, the impact of a set of researchers, the impact of a particular paper, or to identify particularly impactful papers within a specific field of research. Bibliometrics also has a wide range of other applications, such as in descriptive linguistics, the development of thesauri, and evaluation of reader usage. However, the number of bibliometric analysis on Surah Al Nahl in the field of I’jaz studies is still limited. Hopefully the efforts of researchers from Kolej GENIUS Insan are very significant in the development of I’jaz studies on Quranic texts studies, especially in analysis of previous studies.

Termites are perceived as decomposers and as pests in an ecosystem. A study on the species composition of termites in different soil types (i.e. clay, sand and peat) in oil palm plantations was conducted between 6 April 2015 and 10 December 2015 in nine selected localities in Johor (Malaysia) and Riau (Indonesia). Sampling of termites was conducted using belt transects of 100 m in length and 4 m in width in the oil palm plantation. A total of three replicates for each soil types were done from the nine transects for each location. A total of 41 species from five subfamilies (i.e. Coptotermitinae, Rhinotermitinae, Termitinae, Macrotermitinae and Nasutitemitinae) and two families (i.e. Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae) of termite species were successfully sampled and recorded. Sand soil (81 colonies: 12 species; four subfamilies; two families) recorded the highest colonies, followed by peat soil (62 colonies: 12 species; five subfamilies; two families), and clay soil (47 colonies consisting; nine species, four subfamilies and two families). There was a significant difference (?2 = 618 886, df = 328, p<0.005) between soil types and termite species composition that were found in the oil palm plantation. This study identified that the diversity and abundance of termites differed between soil types in different oil palm plantations.

Termites are perceived as decomposers and as pests in an ecosystem. A study on the species composition of termites in different soil types (i.e. clay, sand and peat) in oil palm plantations was conducted between 6 April 2015 and 10 December 2015 in nine selected localities in Johor (Malaysia) and Riau (Indonesia). Sampling of termites was conducted using belt transects of 100 m in length and 4 m in width in the oil palm plantation. A total of three replicates for each soil types were done from the nine transects for each location. A total of 41 species from five subfamilies (i.e. Coptotermitinae, Rhinotermitinae, Termitinae, Macrotermitinae and Nasutitemitinae) and two families (i.e. Rhinotermitidae and Terrnitidae) of termite species were successfully sampled and recorded. Sand soil (81 colonies: 12 species; four subfamilies; two families) recorded the highest colonies, followed by peat soil (62 colonies: 12 species; five subfamilies; two families), and clay soil (47 colonies consisting; nine species, four subfamilies and two families). There was a significant difference (chi(2) = 618 886, df = 328, p<0.005) between soil types and termite species composition that were found in the oil palm plantation. This study identified that the diversity and abundance of termites differed between soil types in different oil palm plantations.

Status of termite pest infestation as well as the changes through time, corresponding to oil palm conversion from peat in Malaysia can be studied. In accessing the status of palms infested by Coptotermes sp., stand scouting method was conducted to map the presence of this genus as well as the infestation status in each palm. The palms were accessed from ground level to hand-reached level and this was done in 24 ha field block with deep peat soil. The presence of Coptotermes sp., dead and replaced palms were recorded on census sheet, designed according to the real ground arrangement of the palms. Advanced spatial pattern by distance indices (SADIE) was adapted to generate the indices of aggregation and clustering values for each study sites. These values were exported into SURFER 8 software to generate red-blue contour maps with patches and gaps. Standardized stand scouting method yielded in six Coptotermes species collected in peat swamp converted oil palm field. The distribution pattern of Coptotermes caused by the environmental influences as well as the availability of wood resources. The patch and gap areas as well as the random areas are not consistently occurred. Small patches divided by gaps indicate one termite colony while larger patches are formed by more than one colony. This study contributes in the information on spatial pattern of termite pest species in oil palm plantation. The latter may present the changes in the status of the species over time. � 2017, Centre for Insects Systematic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

This study was conducted to determine the spatio-temporal pattern of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in order to understand the ecology of ants in palm oil ecosystem at Endau Rompin, Pahang. Sampling was carried out for four consecutive months on three types of soils, i.e. clay (plots A1 & A2), deep peat (plots B1 & B2) and shallow peat (plots C1 & C2). Pitfall trapping was used as it is suitable for ants that forages on the ground. A total of 3,968 individuals were captured consisting of 13 genera in four subfamilies. Anoplolepis was the most abundant with 1,692 individuals (45.75%) followed by Pheidole (862 individuals; 23:31%) and Paratrechina (228 individuals; 6.17%). In clay, Anoplolepis is the most abundant meanwhile in deep and shallow peat, Pheidole have the highest number of individuals compared to other genera. Two-way Chi-squared analysis identified that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the compositions amongst the eight genera (Anoplolepis, Oecophylla, Paratrechina, Odontomachus, Ponera, Crematogaster, Pheidole, and Tetramorium) with soil, months and genus combined. As for the spatio-temporal distribution pattern, Formicinae showed in overall clustered patterns (Ia > 1; p < 0.05) while Ponerinae, Myrmicinae and Aenictinae showed a randomised distribution pattern (Ia ≤ 1; p > 0.05). Local spatio-temporal pattern for the subfamilies was dynamic with patchy patterns and gaps varied across months. The spatio-temporal pattern amongst ants observed in this study showed a strong relationship between the ecology and the behaviour of some ant genera despite observation was done at the subfamily level. Further study to identify the spatio-temporal associations amongst subfamilies is needed to elucidate behavioural ecology of ants and interactions within the diferrent functional groups.

This study was conducted to determine the spatio-temporal pattern of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in order to understand the ecology of ants in palm oil ecosystem at Endau Rompin, Pahang. Sampling was carried out for four consecutive months on three types of soils, i.e. clay (plots A1 & A2), deep peat (plots B1 & 82) and shallow peat (plots C1 & C2). Pitfall trapping was used as it is suitable for ants that forages on the ground. A total of 3,968 individuals were captured consisting of 13 genera in four subfamilies. Anoplolepis was the most abundant with 1,692 individuals (45.75%) followed by Pheidole (862 individuals; 23:31%) and Paratrechina (228 individuals; 6.17%). In clay, Anoplolepis is the most abundant meanwhile in deep and shallow peat, Pheidole have the highest number of individuals compared to other genera. Two-way Chi-squared analysis identified that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the compositions amongst the eight genera (Anoplolepis, Oecophylla, Paratrechina, Odontomachus, Ponera, Crematogaster, Pheidole, and Tetramorium) with soil, months and genus combined. As for the spatio-temporal distribution pattern, Formicinae showed in overall clustered patterns (Ia > 1; p < 0.05) while Ponerinae, Myrmicinae and Aenictinae showed a randomised distribution pattern ( Ia <= 1; p > 0.05). Local spatio-teinporal pattern for the subfamilies was dynamic with patchy patterns and gaps varied across months .The spatio-temporal pattern amongst ants observed in this study showed a strong relationship between the ecology and the behaviour of some ant genera despite observation was done at the subfamily level. Further study to identify the spatio-temporal associations amongst subfamilies is needed to elucidate behavioural ecology of ants and interactions within the diferrent functional groups.

Beneficial flowering plants play a vital role in attracting beneficial insects such as parasitoid that controls insect pests. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of two species of flowering plants as beneficial hedgerow plants, we identify insects communities of T. ulmifolia and M. malabathricum, which generally grown on roadside. We also compared the insects community of both plants based on time of the day. A total of 5,029 insect individuals were collected through three sampling occasions from five sampling stations of T. ulmifolia and five sampling stations of M. malabathricum. Chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference (χ2=37.3848, df=1, P<0.05) between the composition of insect communities on M. malabathricum and T. ulmifolia. The insect visiting M. malabathricum were similar at both night and day while T. ulmifolia attracted different insect community depending on the time of the day. The results suggested that different plant species would attract a different community of insects. T. ulmifolia success in attracting the visitation of beneficial insect but its effectiveness is limited to a short period of time. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of M. malabathricum as beneficial plant is yet illuminated.

This checklist serves as a basic information based on compilation from published literatures, internet database, and from specimens collection stored at Center of Insect Systematics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. To date, this study compiled smaller arachnids (28 species) and Pseudoscorpiones (41 species) that had been recorded in Malaysia. Although smaller arachnid orders were concentrated at localities with average rainfall and humidity, Pseudoscorpiones can be found at both wet and dry environments. More work is needed to determine the species diversity and distribution of these cryptic group.

Coleoptera is the most diverse group of insect with important roles in ecosystem and tremendous economic importance especially in oil palm industry. A study of the diversity and abundance of soil beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) on different type of soil in the Endau-Rompin Plantation, Pahang was conducted started in 2009 until 2012. The study aims to determine the diversity and abundance of soil beetle in Endau-Rompin Plantation, Pahang and to provide an inventory of soil beetle in the Endau-Rompin Plantation, Pahang. Samples were collected by using transects and light traps (UV). A total of 657 individuals Carabidae (soil beetles) were successfully recorded for the results of this study. There were five subfamilies namely Harpalinae (75.64%), Trechinae (14.46%), Scaritinae (8.37%), Cicindelinae (1.38%) and Lebiinae (0.15%) which had been recorded. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H ') shows the highest variability in the shallow peat (H�: 1.495) and the lowest is in the deep peat (H�:0.904). The study of the three soil types did not affect the species numbers present in the study indicated with no significant difference (p >0.05). The probability of overlapping species is based on the presence and absence of Carabidae (soil bettles) species at the study site and is divided into four groups. � 2019, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Press. All rights reserved.

Marine invertebrates especially bivalve and gastropod are major organisms inhabit coastal areas. These marine organisms are also known as detritivores which filter sea bed component for food. The location of Peninsular Malaysia that surrounded by the sea such as Malacca Straits at the west coast and South China Sea at the east coast provide a good distribution for bivalve and gastropod. A study on distribution of bivalve and gastropod had been conducted at different coastal area which represent east and west coast. The studies areas are Pengkalan Balak, Melaka, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Tanjung Tuan, Negeri Sembilan, Telok Gong, Melaka and Penyabong, Johor. This study aims to identify bivalve and molluscs species at the study area. Beside to determine the diverse site of the species. West coast coastal line (Pengkalan Balak and Port Dickson) recorded the highest number of species compare than east coast coastal line (Mersing). Low species number of Bivalve and Molluscs are caused by the sandy coastline at the area which are not suitable for habitation. Furthermore, strong wave prevents the formation of muddy shoreline which unsuits for habitation. Thus, it is suggested that this study need to be extensively conducted in order to documents the species of bivalve and gastropod.

Insects play a crucial role in agricultural ecosystems with several functional groups. Objective of this research is to determine the directional movement of insect community across oil palm ecosystem at boundaries of different land use. The research was conducted in Ladang Endau-Rompin (LER), Pahang. Six sampling stations were set up in the plantation. Sampling was conducted using impact trap. A total of 4,217 individuals from nine orders and 81 families were collected. The insect orders consist of Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Hempitera, Diptera, Orthoptera, Dermaptera, Lepidoptera and Siphonaptera. The most abundance families were Sciaridae (585 individuals; 13.87%), Dolichopodidae (517 individuals; 12.26%) and Nitidulidae (382 individuals; 9.06%). This is followed by Formicidae (346 individuals; 8.20%) and Curculionidae (273 individuals; 6.47%). The percentage of individuals for other insect families was less than 5%. Shannon’s Diversity Index of insect families for station J42TB was the highest (H’= 3.011) whereas the lowest was for station J20TB (H’= 2.028). There was a significant difference (t=-25.47, p <0.05) in the diversity of insect between the sampling stations.The edge effect of attraction can be clearly seen in the LER. Dendogram from two-way clustering analysis shows that the insect community can be divided in two groups which came from different directions north, south, east and west. Chi-squared test proved that the insect community that came from every direction (north, south, east, west) was significantly different (χ2= 370.259, p < 0.05). © 2020, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Press. All rights reserved.

The activities and abundance of termites are highly affected by the environment. The objective of this study is to determine the activity of termites according to the different time of sampling event namely morning and evening session. The belt transects (100 metre length x 4 metre width) was set up in a line across the oil palm plantation. The sampling time was divided to the morning session (8:00 am to12:00 pm) and the evening session (2.00 pm to 6.00 pm). The presence of termites at each sampling time was recorded. A total of 12 belt transects with six replications for each sampling time at four different localities (MyFKT, MyLSK, IdFRGB, and IdCPSK) were placed. The results showed that the morning session recorded more species(31 species) in comparison to the evening session (15 species), and there are significant differences between the two sessions (?2=45,119, df=30, p<0.05). Based on the autocorrelation, there are also significant differences on the termite�s activities between the two session. Overall, the termite activity is more active in the morning. The effect on the environment such as temperature and humidity in the morning and midday affect the abundance, diversity, and the presence of termites. � 2017, Centre for Insects Systematic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Science Technology Engineering Mathematics (STEM) especially in TVET circles appears to be critical to transform the typical teacher-centred classroom by encouraging a curriculum that is driven by problem-solving, discovery, exploratory learning, and requires students to actively engage a situation to find its solution. Hence, this research aims to investigate the effect of integrating STEM education through STEM module (Inspirational Module, Reactivity of Metals, Adruino, Gas Around Us, Ninja. The sample who was from School A involved in the experimental group consisted of 20 form 3 subjects (mentees) and 20 subjects (mentors) for Control group. The research instruments used are questionnaire and has high reliability of .67, .78 and .68. The mean, standard deviation, and t-test were used to analyse the pretest and post-test data. Interview and observation were also used to analyse the treatment effectiveness. The results of the study were the comparison of soft skills before and after undertaking the STEM module treatment was different at significant 0.05. (1) Overall soft skills were higher (post-test data) than before the STEM treatment module. 2) The mean of interest in Science subject, Mathematics subject and perception towards STEM of experimental group increased, The comparison of interest in Science subject, interest in Mathematics subject and perception towards STEM before and after undertaking STEM module was different at significant 0.05. Keywords: STEM Education, STEM Module, perception, Skilled worker

Tasawur mempengaruhi pandangan manusia terhadap persoalan hakikat dan kejadian manusia. Pandangan Islam terhadap persoalan ini tidak pernah berubah walaupun dianuti oleh pelbagai bangsa dan budaya disebabkan sumber wahyu menjadi kerangka asas kepada tasawur Islam. Quran dan sunnah telah memberikan garis panduan yang jelas mengenai hakikat manusia dan juga kejadian manusia diciptakan. Oleh demikian pendapat muslim mengenai isu ini kukuh dan tidak berubah sehingga ke zaman moden. Hal ini berbeza dengan tamadun Barat yang melalui perubahan pandangan terhadap isu ini disebabkan berlaku perubahan dan evolusi kepada tasawur mereka. Umumnya, pandangan masyarakat Barat terhadap hakikat dan kejadian manusia berevolusi daripada mitos penciptaan Yunani Kuno kepada penciptaan oleh Tuhan yang Esa sewaktu era Kristian dan akhirnya kepada tasawur naturalistik yang tidak menempatkan tuhan dalam kejadian manusia. Artikel ini cuba menjelaskan kaitan antara evolusi pemikiran dan tasawur masyarakat terhadap hakikat serta penciptaan manusia.

Diversity of spider groups have received less research attention and there are limited published references for spiders from Peninsular Malaysia. The current survey was conducted to locate and identify foliage-dwelling spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) at five different sites in Peninsular Malaysia. Spider specimens were collected using manual search and sweep-netting between September 2012 and November 2012. A total of 92 morpho-species from 65 genera that belong to 15 families have been successfully recorded and identified. The greatest proportion of specimens captured (40%) were Foliage-runners (Clubionidae, Miturgidae, Oxyopidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, Scytodidae, Thomisidae), followed by orb-weavers (Araniedae, Nephilidae, Tetragnathidae, Uloboridae) (36.5%), space-weavers (Pholcidae, Psechridae Theridiidae) (21.5%) and ground-dwellers (Sparassidae) (2.0%). Cluster analysis has revealed that the same habitat types share a more similar diversity composition compared to different habitat types, which indicates that spider assemblage composition was partly co-dependent on vegetation structure. However, no significant difference in spider assemblage composition was found between all the five sites which follows that these diurnal group of spiders are actually adaptable to various habitat types. Key words: Araneae, distribution, diurnal, diversity, guild structure

College students' attrition in engineering programs is a major problem in developed and developing countries. Outreach activities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics are a powerful resource to ignite K-12 students' interest to pursue scientific and engineering careers. Here, a program on mechatronics for Malaysian high-schoolers developed at the New York University Tandon School of Engineering and implemented at the National University of Malaysia is presented. The program follows a dual model where instructors and students work together on a project-based learning curriculum inspired by real-world problems. A group of Malaysian graduate students and highschool teachers was trained to serve as instructors by the New York University team. After training, the New York University team aided the instructors to administer the curriculum to 100 high-schoolers and organize a one-day exhibit for families at the National University of Malaysia. Pre- and post-assessment surveys offer evidence for the positive impact of the program on teachers' professional development and student engagement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields.

Taxonomy-based morphometric study is a technique often used to separate species. This study aimed to determine discrimination among species of harvestmen based on morphometric analysis. Harvestmen samples collected from Lata Jarum, Pahang deposited at the Centre of Insect Systematic, National University of Malaysia (CISUKM) were used. A total of 21 morphometric parameters was measured using the Dino-Lite Digital Microscope in millimeter (mm) unit. Result from univariate analysis were unable to distinguish between the species but analysis from Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) using the Ratio of One could clearly distinguish the species into four clusters namely: Zaleptus quadrimaculata with Dentobunus luteus, Marthanella ferruginea, Marthana sp.1 and Marthana sp.2. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using Ratio of Two could only distinguish species into two clusters: Cluster 1 consists of Zaleptus quadrimaculata, Dentobunus luteus, Marthana sp.1, Marthana sp.2 and Cluster 2 only Marthanella ferruginea. The important parameter detected by CDA were EyeW/MaxLDS, DBEye/MaxLDS, FemurL/MaxLDS and TibiaL/MaxLDS while important parameter detected by PCA were EyeW/MaxPro, DBEye/MaxWPro and MaxLOpi/MaxWOpi. In conclusion, morphometric studies can be used in identification of harvestmen species and can provide early information to avoid misidentification of species in future. � 2019, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Press. All rights reserved.