Browsing by Author "Hassan, NH"
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Publication Deconstruction of Malaysian Agro-Wastes with Inexpensive and Bifunctional Triethylammonium Hydrogen Sulfate Ionic Liquid(Amer Inst Physics, 2018) ;Zahari, SMSNS ;Amin, ATM ;Halim, NM ;Rosli, FA ;Abd Halim, WIT ;Samsukamal, NA ;Sasithran, B ;Ariffin, NAZ ;Azman, HH ;Hassan, NHOthman, ZSIonic liquids (ILs) are known to be very effective at deconstructing biomass, but, they are typically 5-20 times more expensive than molecular solvents; this is a major impediment to the utilisation of ILs in biorefinery applications. In view of this, this paper is the first to report a preliminary study on the use of inexpensive and bifunctional triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid, [N-2220][HSO4] IL, in deconstructing two Malaysian agro-wastes, oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and coconut husk. The [N-2220][HSO4] IL was synthesised via simple acid-base neutralisation route between two inexpensive precursors: sulfuric acid, H2SO4, and triethylamine, N-222. The results of deconstruction of OPEFB and coconut husk under the applied conditions, IL/H2O (80/20 wt/wt) at 120 degrees C for 2 h, proved that the IL provided bifunctional action as: a Bronsted acid catalyst that hydrolysed chemical bonds linking carbohydrate-rich-material (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin fractions, and; a delignification agent that dissolved lignin, separating the biopolymer from the carbohydrate-rich-material. The outcomes of this study indicate that the deconstruction of Malaysian agro-wastes for isolating valuable biopolymers can be performed in a more economical and effective way using the [N-2220][HSO4] IL.