Image segmentation is an important phase in the image recognition system. In medical imaging such as blood cell analysis, it becomes a crucial step in quantitative cytophotometry. Currently, blood cell images become predominantly valuable in medical diagnostics tools. In this paper, we present an adaptive hybrid analysis based on selected segmentation algorithms. Three designates common approaches, that are Fuzzy c-means, K-means and Mean-shift are adapted. Blood cell images that are infected with malaria parasites at various stages were tested. The most suitable method will be selected based on the lowest number of regions. The selected approach will be enhanced by applying Median-cut algorithm to further expand the segmentation process. The proposed adaptive hybrid method has shown a significant improvement in the number of regions.

In this study, the concentrations of selected toxic metals (Pb, As, Cd) and essential elements (Zn, Cu) of local canned seafood including sardines, tuna, anchovies, shellfish (mussels and cockles), prawns, mackerel and cuttlefish were determined. All 30 samples were purchased from supermarkets in Nilai, Negeri Sembilan. The highest concentration of trace metals in all samples was Zn which is 38.96 +/- 0.56 mg/kg, followed by Cu (2.40 +/- 0.57 mg/kg), Pb (1.71 +/- 0.71 mg/kg), As (0.96 +/- 0.70 mg/kg) and Cd (0.25 +/- 0.70 mg/kg). The average concentration of toxic elements were the highest in anchovy species with concentration of 6.93 mg/kg followed by shellfish (4.24 mg/kg), mixed seafood (4.17 mg/kg), cuttlefish (3.63 mg/kg), prawns (3.28 mg/kg), sardines (2.65 mg/kg), tuna (1.68 mg/kg) and the lowest which is mackerel (1.36 mg/kg). The results were compared with the previous studies.

Fraud is a significant ethical dilemma for businesses and harmful to the capital market participants. Financial reporting fraud is an intentional misstatement of financial information to mislead the financial statement users. It causes huge losses to the organizations, threatens the investors' confidence on the published financial statements and erodes the image of accounting profession. This descriptive paper attempts to explore the inclination level towards financial reporting fraud among the participants in the financial reporting process and to determine the effect of their personal background on such inclination level. Using a sample of 121 Muslim participants in the financial reporting process at Malaysian banking institutions, the findings indicate that the inclination level is low. The inclination level is only affected by the working experience at the present bank and the bank type. The findings provide insights to the banks' stakeholders on the inclination level of fraud among the participants in financial reporting process and are particularly useful to the top management of banking institutions for a better understanding on personal background items influencing fraud in financial reporting intention. Limitations and suggestions for future research conclude the paper.

Arabic for specific purpose (ASP) courses have been introduced by Faculty of Major Languages Studies are offering to the Arabic Language and Communication both undergraduate and postgraduate students in Islamic Science University of Malaysia (USIM) since 2005. It is compulsory subjects under the above program. To in line with the University Mission "USIM 16" that USIM will be the regional reference centre for integration Naqli dan Aqli in the world. The Faculty of Major Languages Studies takes part to empower the courses of integrating Naqli dan Aqli in all subjects offered by the faculty. ASP has been integrated Naqli dan Aqli in teaching and learning through resources have been using by lecturers in the faculty to find out how lecturers integrate Naqli dan Aqli in their daily teaching, the researcher has distributed the questionnaire to all 5 lecturers who are involved in teaching this subject to obtain the implementation data. This qualitative research will investigate integration Naqli dan Aqli in ASP to find out the existence models have been using by those lectures in their teaching. The findings conclude that no specific model is referred to or used in teaching of ASP. However, all lecturers have implemented Naqli dan Aqli in their teaching using their own method.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been created to simplify human tasks. Nowadays, ICT is becoming more widely used by higher learning institutions to support their academic activities particularly in teaching and research. Users play an important role in any situation; therefore a study to evaluate the ICT infrastructure was conducted in a public university in Malaysia known as the Islamic Science University of Malaysia (USIM). The study was conducted to gather information from the users of the ICT facilities. This paper will discuss findings of the study in terms of the computer functions, system set-vices, training and the ICT maintenance from the users' perspective. An evaluation of current ICT infrastructure was needed in order to understand how users and the organization could best benefit front services provided. The results indicate that ICT needs to be improved to ensure that more benefits can be gained.