This study was done to evaluate the validity of an information sharing linkage scale which will be used for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in service sector. Content validity is evaluated by six experts in the field and quantified as content validity index (CVI). Content validity assessment is inclusive of four rating criteria which are relevance, clarity, simplicity and ambiguity. All items that fulfil the criteria of content validity index which is at least 0.75 are usable for research instrument. The final version of linkages was improvised in 35 items with 3 factors for information sharing linkage i.e. customer linkage, supplier linkage, and internal linkage; 2 factors for firm performance i.e. operational performance and financial performance.

This case covers aspects pertaining to the application of the waqf concept on community health benefit specifically with patient that falls under Asnaf category for dialysis treatment under Waqaf An-Nur. It also touches on the implications of mastering certain fundamental concepts in muamalat such as waqf, zakat, debt and personal financial planning and management in Islam. This case covers Islamic financial planning for assets and liabilities management especially among the asnaf and recepient of zakat assistance. This case also relates to the accurate choice and decision making in managing and planning of assets and liabilities of the deceased through the proper mechanisme of faraid as one of the distribution channels after the death of a Muslim in Islam.

Halal industry has a significant contribution to the global food market. Halal consciousness and mindfulness are sharpened in multi-ethnicities, multi-religious and multi-linguistic societies, where Muslim and Non-Muslim coexist. In Malaysia, the constant flow of people as a tourist, commodities, and information from the rest of the world, the interaction zone between Muslim and Non-Muslim has been widening. The main intention of this study was to examine the factors that influence the confidence level of Malaysian customers accepting Thailand halal logo products. To achieve the objective of this study, 500 individuals from the northern part of Malaysia that is Alor Setar, the capital city for the State of Kedah were picked through purposive sampling technique. Data were gathered through a structured survey form. Smart PLS was used to examine the proposed research hypotheses. Results reported marketing and awareness were supported while Thailand's halal logo and devoutness were not supported. This study will be useful for policymakers and future researchers to explore this area in detail.

This study aims to conceptualize the motive of Muslim consumers’ intention toward goat’s milk purchasing in Malaysia. Two focus group discussion sessions involving 10 existing Muslim consumers’ who are purchased goat’s milk were conducted. Preliminary findings from this qualitative study showed that health and price played a significant role in Muslim consumers’ intention toward purchasing goat’s milk. Other three motives of Muslim consumers’ intention toward purchasing goat’s milk is taste, religiosity and nutritious. Recommendation for future studies is provided at the end of the paper.

The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of halal logo, devoutness, awareness and marketing on the confidence level of Malaysian customers in Sarawak Malaysia for Indonesian Halal certified products. To achieve the objective of this study four-research hypotheses were constructed. Primary data were gathered through structured survey form. The measurement scale was measured though six point Likert Scale. A total of 500 feedbacks involved in this study, and the respondents were selected through purposive sampling technique. Empirical findings reported that halal logo appeared as insignificant contributor while devoutness, awareness, and marketing seemed as significant predictors with confidence level of customers in Sarawak, Malaysia. Findings of this study highlight what matters for foreign halal certified products to be accepted. This study suggests, future studies can be conducted in other states of Malaysia to examine the confidence level of Malaysian customers for neighbouring halal industry.

The purpose of this case study is to look at how “Lean Techniques and Principles” can be successfully introduce and implement in the higher education institution or university context. In the last two decades, Lean techniques and principle has been applied to improve production system in manufacturing processes. Lean was introduced in the 1950s by Womack and Jones known as the Toyota Production System (TPS) by the legendary car manufacturer Toyota, the world’s most profitable automaker and have spent decades perfecting lean practices in the production. The method used was to produce more productivity while using fewer resources and identifying activities which creates value for customers, activities which do not create value but are required and actions which do not create value and can be eliminated. This case study demonstrates how “Lean Principles” can be adopted to the administration services particularly in the registration process for new student intake in USIM. The objective of this case study includes : to identify the needs of improving the registration process by eliminating the waste (Muda) such as time wastage, human resource wastage, to introduce the apparatus required to reduce and eliminate waste, to redesign the process using the lean techniques and principles to eliminate waste and to continually improve the process with the goal to achieve perfection for customer satisfaction and university’s reputation. How Lean Principles can transform the work process in the registration procedure, process efficiency, the reasons for implementing Lean in the process, minimize the lead time, minimize the financial cost and the role of management. This paper contains a comprehensive discussion and findings of the development of Lean principles and management through one of the models, namely; Value Stream Mapping (VSM) process which can enhance the operational process in the university environment to improve the process, particularly in the new student registration process.

The main objective of this study is to provide a framework of Islāmic entrepreneurship for Pakistani SMEs to address their issues within a knowledge-based economy perspective. The paper reviews contemporary literature and the Holy Qurʾān verses, the Prophet Muhammad’s (ṣal-Allāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) Hadīth(sayings) and Sunnah(practice)on Islāmic entrepreneurship, for establishing a business model for entrepreneurs. On the basis of extensive literature reviews and evidence, the study proposed a business model of Islāmic entrepreneurship which is mainly based on two dimensions namely business perspective and spiritual perspective. The paper is conceptual in nature. There is a need for developing a measurement scale to measure the business model of Islāmic entrepreneurship .Islāmic entrepreneurship is considered as the most crucial topic in business solutions because of the very complex and dynamic business environment. In the present business environment, the role of religion and culture is very important for the success of SMEs. The proposed business model of Islāmic entrepreneurship will help Pakistani SMEs to understand the halal and haram concept in more depth. Moreover, they would be able to capitalize the Islāmic rules and principles in their business. The novelty of this study lies in expanding the existing research on the link between Islāmic entrepreneurship and the future challenges and prospects of Pakistani SMEs. The proposed business model of Islāmic entrepreneurship is unique and it will guide development of the scale to measure Islāmic entrepreneurship in organizations. This is arguably a first study contributing to Islāmic entrepreneurship literature in the Pakistani context.

This study is to determine the role of organizational competition orientation and its effect on salesperson achievement. The relationship between variables consisting of four constructs namely Organizational Competition Orientation, Marketing Capability, Customer Networking and Salesperson Achievement were analyzed using four hypotheses. The data was processed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Amos model. The sample consisted of 200 sales from various fields of distributor companies in West Kalimantan. The results showed that Organizational Competition Orientation had a significant effect on Marketing Capability, Marketing Capability had a significant effect on Customer Networking, Marketing Capability had a significant effect on Salesperson Achievement and Customer Networking had a significant effect on Salesperson Achievement.

Most of Malaysians choose frozen food in their lives because of its quick preparation and availability. The indicative elements are usually displayed on the packaging of frozen food to know its components, method of preparation, production and expiry date. This study aims to discover the semantic elements present in the packaging of frozen food, to know the semantic elements depicted and their role in this packaging, and to know the effects of the semantic elements on consumers. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach, which is the description of halal frozen food and the analysis of the interview conducted with the participants. This study consists of three participants to know the experiences and their attention on the semantic elements in the cover. The data was analyzed by extracting important insights using Atlas.ti. The results of the study indicated there of; The semantic elements in the packaging have an impact on consumers. The study ended with recommendations and suggestions.