Polymer electrolyte is an ionic conductor formed by dissolving salt in polymer host. In this work, starch/chitosan blend based polymer electrolyte was prepared with different weight percentage of Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3) via solution casting technique. The film was characterized by impedance spectroscopy HIOKI 3531- 01 LCR Hi-Tester to measure its ionic conductivity over a wide range of frequency between 50Hz-5MHz and at ambient temperature. Sample with 35 wt% of NH4NO3 shows the highest conductivity of (6.34 � 1.52) = 10-7 Scm-1. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to correlate the ionic conductivity results. � 2018 Author(s).

The present work aims to study the color stability and the corrosion resistivity of a natural dye coating film. The yellowish dye consisting of curcumin, was extracted from turmeric root (Curcuma longa) by using absolute ethanol as solvent. Blended polymer of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and industrialized acrylic polyol along with xylene as solvent was used as the coating binder. The mixture of the dye and blended polymer was applied on substrate as coating film and left to dry. The coating film was exposed to light consisting of ultraviolet-A (UV-A) to observe the color stability. The color stability of the coating film was observed by using Commission international de I�eclairage (CIE) L*a*b* color coordinates system. The combination of each of the color components L*, a* and b* of the coating film shows the increment in color differences (?E) with time. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was used to record the resistance of the coating films upon the penetration of electrolyte from salt water. The test showed that the resistivity of the coating film decreases as the time of exposure increases. � 2017 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

Polymer blending is used to overcome the disadvantage of pure starch film, and in the present study, starch has been blended with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The X-ray diffraction study shows that starch/PEO with a ratio of 7 : 3 exhibits the least amount of crystallinity, and this was chosen in the preparation of polymer electrolyte. Films of starch/PEO blends were then prepared via solution casting technique, and their properties with different amounts of ammonium nitrate NH4NO3were compared. The highest conductivity at room temperature of ?2�81�0� 46�107S cm-21was achieved with the addition of 35 wt-%NH4NO3. Dielectric data were analysed using complex permittivity and complex electrical modulus for the sample with the highest ionic conductivity. The relaxation time ? for these samples was determined, and the plot shows that t decreases with conductivity of the complexes. The presence of peaks in the imaginary plots shows that the starch/ PEO electrolyte system is an ionic conductor. � W. S. Maney & Son Ltd. 2011.

Films of methyl cellulose (MC) /chitosan blends were prepared via solution casting technique and their properties with different amount of ammonium trilate, NH4CF3SO3 were compared. Measurements of conductivity as a function of frequency at room temperature on these films were carried out using HIOKI 3532-50 LCR Hi-Tester where the frequency was set between 50 Hz to 1 MHz. Samples having 40 wt% of NH4CF 3SO3 exhibit the highest room temperature conductivity of (4.99�4.18) x 10-6 Scm-1. Dielectric data were analyzed using complex permittivity and complex electrical modulus for the sample with the highest ionic conductivity. Copyright � 2014 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

A proton-conducting polymer electrolyte based on starch and ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) has been prepared through solution casting method. Ionic conductivity for the system was conducted over a wide range of frequency between 50 Hz and 1 MHz and at temperatures between 303 K and 373 K. Impedance analysis shows that sample with 25 wt.% NH4NO3 has a smaller bulk resistance (Rb) compared to that of the pure sample. The amount of NH4NO3 was found to influence the proton conduction; the highest obtainable room temperature conductivity was 2.83 � 10-5 S cm-1, while at 100 �C, the conductivity in found to be 2.09 � 10-4 S cm-1. The dielectric analysis demonstrates a non-Debye behavior. Transport parameters of the samples were calculated using the Rice and Roth model and thus shows that the increase in conductivity is due to the increase in the number of mobile ions. � Springer-Verlag 2009.

In this study, the effect of adding cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) on the conductivity of biopolymer electrolyte (BPE) based on chitosan-methylcellulose-BMIMTFSI has been studied. The samples were prepared via solution casting technique. The film was characterized by impedance spectroscopy HIOKI 3531- 01 LCR Hi-Tester to measure its ionic conductivity at room temperatures over a wide range of frequency between 50Hz-5MHz. Sample with 15 wt% of CNC shows the highest conductivity of 4.82 x 10-6 Scm-1 at room temperature. Dielectric and modulus studies were carried out to further understands the conductivity behavior of the samples. The increase in conductivity is mainly due to the increase in number of charge carriers.

Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) can be viewed as an alternative of conventional liquid electrolyte since it is easier to handle. In the present work, starch/chitosan-ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) SPE has been prepared by solution casting technique. Different amount of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([EMIM][NO3]) was added to the sample. Ionic conductivity analysis was conducted over a wide range of frequency between 50 Hz-1 MHz using impedance spectroscopy to evaluate the dielectric properties and conductivity of the sample. Sample with 15 wt% of [EMIM][NO3] has shown the highest conductivity of 7.36 � 10-5 S cm-1 at room temperature. Complex permittivity for real (?r), imaginary (?i) and electrical modulus for real (Mr) and imaginary (Mi) part was determined and plotted. � 2016 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

Blended polymer electrolyte of methylcellulose (MC) / chitosan were prepared with different weight percentage of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIMTFSI) via solution casting technique. The film was characterized by impedance spectroscopy to measure its ionic conductivity. Samples with 45% of BMITFSI exhibit the highest conductivity of (1.51 ± 0.13) × 10-6 S cm-1at ambient. Dielectric data were analysed using complex permittivity and complex electrical modulus for the sample with highest conductivity. Dielectric data proved that the increase in conductivity is mainly due to the increase in number of charge carriers.

Blended polymer electrolyte of methylcellulose (MC)/chitosan with ammonium triflate (NH4TF) were prepared with different weight percentage of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMITFSI) via solution casting technique. The film was characterized by impedance spectroscopy to measure its ionic conductivity. Samples with 45% of BMITFSI exhibit the highest conductivity of (3.98 � 2.84) x 10-4 Scm-1 at ambient. Dielectric data were analyzed by using complex permittivity and complex electrical modulus for the sample with highest conductivity. Dielectric data proves that the increase in conductivity is mainly due to the increase in number of charge carriers. � 2015 SPIE.

Chitosan-Starch blend biopolymer electrolyte system doped with different percentage of BMIMNO3 was prepared via solution casting technique. The crystalinity of the system was calculated using data extracted from x-ray diffraction (XRD). The film was characterized by impedance spectroscopy HIOKI 3531-01 LCR Hi-Tester to measure its ionic conductivity over a wide range of frequency between 50Hz-5MHz and at temperatures between 298 K and 378 K. The result exhibit the advantages of ionic liquid as a charge carrier and also revealed that addition of 5% of BMIMNO3 shows the highest conductivity of (2.26�0.96) x 10-4 Scm-1.Conductivity-temperature relationship indicate that the system seems to obey the Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher (VTF) behaviour. � 2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

This paper focuses on the effect of lithium triflate (LiCF3SO3) on the structural and conduction properties of lauroyl (L)-chitosan/poly(metylmethacryalate) (PMMA)-based polymer electrolytes. Films of L-chitosan/PMMA blends and its complexes were prepared using a solution-casting technique. The ionic conductivity of the system was measured over a wide range of frequency between 50 Hz-1 MHz. Impedance plot for the samples demonstrates two well-defined regions. The disappearance of the high frequency semicircular region led to a conclusion that the current carriers are ions. Sample with 30 wt% of LiCF3SO3 showed the highest conductivity of 7.59 � 3.64 � 10-4 Scm-1 at room temperature. This is consistent with the results obtained from infrared spectroscopy. � 2014 Copyright � Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

In this study, blended polymer electrolyte of methylcellulose (MC)/chitosan (CS) was prepared with different weight percentage of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (BMIMTFSI) which acts as ion donor. This polymer blend was prepared by solution casting technique. The micro structure was observed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) where the multilayer could possibly be ascribed to the limited chain mobility. Sample having 60 wt% CS: 40 wt% MC was determined to have the most amorphous morphology extracted using deconvoluted data from x-ray Diffractography (XRD). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) peaks analysis shows the significant shift indicates complexation between ionic liquid and polymer backbone. The film was also characterized by impedance spectroscopy to measure its ionic conductivity. Samples with 45% of BMITFSI exhibit the highest conductivity of (1.51 �0.13) �10-6 S cm-1 at ambient. Conductivity at elevated temperature was also studied, and the electrolytes obeys the Arrhenius behaviour. The conduction mechanism was best presented by small polaron hopping model. � 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Biobased shape memory polyurethane filled with carbon nanotubes (CNT) were prepared using two step polymerization process. The bio based shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) were composed of polycaprolactonediol, polyol based on palm oil, 4, 4�-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1, 4-butanediol. In this paper, CNTs has been used as fillers to introduce the electrical conductivity in the SMPU. The bio-based shape memory polyurethane shows electrical conductivity with addition of 7 wt% CNT. � 2017 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), was used to study the complexation, structural, ionic transport properties and dominant charge carrier species in Chitosan (CS) / Methyl Cellulose (MC) blend doped with 1 – butyl – 3 – methylimidazolium bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide (BMIMTFSI) solid biopolymer electrolytes which have been fabricated via solution casting method. Samples were partially milky in physical appearance with the absent of phase separation. The existence of interactions between the CS/MC blend as the host polymer and ionic dopant BMIMTFSI were proven by FT-IR spectra analysis from the shift in C-O band in 1049 cm-1. The FTIR spectrum in the region from 1080 to 980 cm−1 were deconvoluted using Origin 8 software to show the per of free mobile ions and contact ion of the samples. Ionic transport properties studies shows that the ionic conductivity is dependent on the ionic mobility (μ) and diffusion coefficient of ions (D). © 2020 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

The main objective of the present work is to develop a high conducting hybrid solid polymer electrolyte (HSPE) using polyvinyl alcohol as the host polymer and H 3PO 4 as the ionic dopant. Owing to its porous nature, the introduction of a Whatman filter paper helps to increase the electrical conductivity by acting as a support to the electrolyte system. This allows more H 3PO 4 acid to be loaded into the system and thus helps to improve the mechanical strength of the electrolytes. The highest conducting HSPE was obtained at 1�04�10 -4 S cm -1 for samples containing 70% loading of acid (P30H70-C). Such conductivity is sufficient for application in an electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC). The EDLC was fabricated using the hybrid electrolyte with its activated carbon electrodes soaked in H 3PO 4. A specific capacitance of 34 F g -1 with internal resistance of as low as 1 ? cm -2 was obtained when the cell was charged-discharged at 10 mA. The working voltage for this EDLC is 1 V with efficiency ranging between 85 and 97%. � W. S. Maney & Son Ltd. 2011.