This research explores the theme of intertextuality in Naguib Mahfouz's novel "Cairo Modern," considering it a mechanism within the creative processes discussed by postmodernera critics. This study aims to examine instances of intertextuality with folk proverbs in the aforementioned novel. The significance of this research lies in highlighting the role of the eminent author Naguib Mahfouz in the literary field. It showcases his ability to draw from other texts through citation, absorption, or transformation to create his artistic material. This, in turn, enriches the novel both in form and substance. The research adopts a descriptive analytical approach, theoretically explaining the phenomenon of intertextuality. In terms of analysis and application, it focuses on highlighting the model of intertextuality with folk proverbs. The study explores its objective and artistic functions, elucidates the reasons for its use, and justifies its citation by the author or one of the characters. Consequently, it connects this intertextuality with the narrative context to enhance the fictional events or the emotional states of the characters, contributing to the overall narrative structure and rhythm. The research concludes with several key findings, notably that intertextuality with folk proverbs has a significant presence in the novel "Cairo Modern," showcasing Naguib Mahfouz's adeptness in handling this phenomenon. The research asserts that the novelist does not evoke these proverbs merely for embellishment, decor, or a display of poetic capabilities. Instead, he employs them for a purpose he deems essential to deepen his ideas and crystallize his vision on a particular issue, aligning harmoniously with the artistic or stylistic structure of his novels.

The process of Quran interpretation actually requires a combination of knowledge of various disciplines. It is undeniable that the Arabic language factor is the branch of knowledge that must be considered when interpreting the Quranic verses. This is because the purpose of a particular interpretation of the Quran as a source of law should be construed in accordance with the views of Islamic scholars when influenced by language factors. The objective of this paper is to identify to what extent three factors, namely, Arabic terminology, semantics and ‘urf, can affect the Quranic interpretation and hukum production of halal food issue. To achieve the objective, the library research method was used to analyse related verses in surah al-Ma’idah and al-An‘am. The study found that there is a close relationship between terminology, semantics and ‘urf with the interpretation and views of Muslim scholars on the issue of food in the Quran.

Purpose of the study: To analyse students’ perceptions of Arabic language learning for science purposes in USIM. Problem of the study: The existing Arabic module in the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia did not discuss the topic related to Science in Arabic language learning for science students, except in USIM. Using the existing modules, researchers analysed respondents' perceptions of Arabic Language for Science Purpose. Methodology: This study applies a quantitative approach which involves 169 science students at the Islamic Science University of Malaysia (USIM) as respondents and randomly selected. The data were analysed descriptively by looking at the percentage and mean score by using SPSS Statistics 25. Main Findings: The descriptive analysis findings demonstrate that the overall mean of interest was 3.72, the mean of the module was 3.78, the mean of the use of scientific terms was 3.49 and the mean of the learning duration was 3.08. The findings showed that using the specific module of Arabic Language for Science had successfully nurtured students' interest in Arabic and able to introduce them to scientific terms in Arabic. This study could be a measurement of the use of Arabic language modules that contain specific content based on "Specific Purposes" for Institutions of Higher Learning in Malaysia. Applications of this study: This study involves science students who have studied the subjects (ةغللا ةيبرعلا مولعلل( using the Arabic Language for Science Purpose module within a semester from Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering and Architecture at USIM Novelty/Originality of this study: This study could be a measurement of the use of Arabic language modules that contain specific content based on the "Specific Purposes" for Institute of Higher Learning and the Private Higher Learning Institution (IPTS) in Malaysia.