To emphasise the approach in the study of religion, this study compares Ninian Smart and Rahmatullah Al-Kairanawi, two intellectuals from the Western and Muslim civilizations in the 19th century. It examines the different perspectives of both experts on religion with the objective of identifying similarities and differences in their methods to religion study. The qualitative method is used to gather and analyse data from these expert' scholarly publications.The conclusion is that in the study of religions, Ninian Smart and Rahmatullah Al-Kairanawi have different perspectives and methodologies. According to the findings of this study, both experts are concerned about data integrity and intellectual honesty. Their methods can be used to better comprehend religious dialogue and engagement, as well as to contribute to the global peace process.

This quantitative study aims to discuss and analyze the relationship between leadership styles and organizational performance in the Office of the Minister of State and Governor of Dhofar in Oman, with a focus on the role of organizational culture as a mediating variable over the period (2019: 2023). The problem of the study arises in the absence of the role of administrative leadership in solving the problems of employees in the office, and the weakness of oversight and follow-up from administrative leaders in the office. Therefore, it was necessary to know the dimensions of the prevailing organizational culture and the prevailing dimensions of organizational performance. Therefore, the study aimed to understand which leadership styles affect the dimensions of organizational performance, and to understand the role of organizational culture as a mediating variable on the relationship between leadership styles and organizational performance. The study relied on organizational performance theory, behavioral patterns theory, and resource theory to analyze leadership styles and their impact on organizational performance. This study used the descriptive analytical (quantitative) method, and the questionnaire was distributed to a group of employees in the office. The size of the study population was 3,316 employees, and a random sample of 348 employees was selected using the Krejci and Morgan table. The questionnaire was designed according to a five-point Likert scale, in light of the scales used in (8) studies. It consisted of (65) statements distributed into (4) sections. The statistical methods used in the Smart PLS program are descriptive analysis, discriminant validity, multiple linear correlation, structural modeling, direct effect testing, and mediating factor effect testing. The study findings showed; The most commonly used leadership style was the democratic style, followed by the transformational style, and the least of all leadership styles was the autocratic style. The findings also showed that there is a direct, statistically significant relationship between the leadership styles (democratic, transformational, and autocratic) and the achievement of tasks; At a rate of 55%, there was also a positive relationship between each of the leadership styles (democratic, transformative, and autocratic) and role fulfillment at a rate of 70%. And between the aforementioned leadership styles and the achievement of organizational goals by 73%. The findings also showed a relationship between leadership styles and organizational culture by 75%. As for the impact of organizational culture on organizational performance, the results showed a relationship between organizational culture and the achievement of job tasks amounted to 61%. There was an effect between the organizational culture and the fulfillment of roles by 56%, and between the organizational culture and the achievement of organizational goals by 73%. Thus, the findings showed that leadership styles affect job performance and organizational culture, and organizational culture affects organizational performance positively.

This study aims to determine the role of job performance in achieving the strategic objectives in the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries in the Sultanate of Oman. Where the researcher assumes that there is a statistically significant impact at the level of significance of the role of job performance in achieving strategic objectives in the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries in Oman. To achieve the objectives of the research was used descriptive analytical method. The researcher also developed a questionnaire consisting of 28 paragraphs representing an independent variable is the functional performance and a dependent variable, which is the strategic objectives in addition to the personal and functional characteristics of the sample members. The study population included the 3000 employees of the Ministry of Agriculture in the Sultanate of Oman. The researcher selected a sample of 338 employees. Major and minor tools will be used for research such as questionnaires, books, previous studies, publications and others. SPSS will also be used to analyze the results of the questionnaire. Based on the previous studies, the researcher concluded that the job performance has a great impact on the strategic objectives, where the more effective the performance, the higher the percentage of achieving the strategic goals.

This study aims to analyze the self and the divine attributes contained in the book of Jeremiah and the position of Islam towards it, and to clarify the similarities and differences in the self and divine attributes between the Jewish and Islamic faiths. Where the problem of the study lies in the following: Did the Jews attribute to God the Mighty and Sublime a being other than his holy self in the book of Jeremiah? Were they attributed to God the Mighty and Sublime attributes of deficiency in this travel or not? And what are their beliefs about the Divine Self and attributes that they attributed to God the Mighty and Sublime in the Book of Jeremiah? Is there an agreement or a difference between the Jewish and Islamic beliefs regarding the Self and the divine attributes mentioned in the Book of Jeremiah? The study concluded that the image of God in the Book of Jeremiah is a holographic image that is not a perfect image of the essence of God Almighty and His attributes, and that the belief of the Jews in the Essence and Divine Attributes includes three beliefs: the belief in anthropomorphism, the belief in God’s chosen people, and the doctrine of paternity, and that Islam’s position on these attributes is exaltation. God, the Mighty and Sublime, unlike the Jews who described God, the Mighty and Sublime, with attributes of similitude and inferiority, just as the Book of Jeremiah was distorted and altered by the Jews. The study recommended an in-depth study of Jewish beliefs, follow-up criticism of the sacred scriptures of Jews and people of other sects, highlighting the position of the Islamic faith on self-dishonoring and divine attributes, and continuing efforts to spread the Islamic faith and clarify the difference between it and other faiths.