During the early 5th until the 7th Hijrah, the Crusades on Muslim land began in 492 H until the eruption of the Siege of Acre in 690 H resulted in a decline of intellectual achievements and stagnation in knowledge among the Muslims. Besides that, there were also conflicts and ongoing political turmoils, which led to the Muslim’s further deterioration with the sack of Baghdad in the hands of Tatar in 656 H till 702 H. Amid chaos around that century, there emerged several individuals who regarded themselves as the companions of the Prophet. These individuals purportedly claimed that they lived a long life and narrated hadiths from Rasulullah SAW that were categorized as Mujāzafah or excessive in nature. Hence, this research analyzes the claim of these individuals, their identity, and the hadiths they reported to establish their existence throughout these 3 centuries. The methodology adopted for this study is based on the collection of data using library research and documentation methods whilst the data collected is analyzed using both, an inductive and deductive approach. From the study, it was discovered that these individuals had self-proclaimed themselves to be the Companions of the Prophet thus making their assertion to be completely baseless. In addition, it was also found that there were also efforts by a group of irresponsible fanatics who fabricated the existence of these narrators solely to achieve fame and a higher-ranking Sanad.

The present work is an analysis of nine Quranic verses and their interpretations which specifically described barley (Hordeum vulgare). The main objective of this study is to establish how Allah described different parts of barley and how the verses are interpreted as well as identifying the various benefits of barley as a wholesome food. To achieve this, comprehensive and detailed data was systematically collected from the Quran, books of commentary as well as references which contain scientific findings related to barley. The study found that Allah SWT uses merely inclusive terms like habb, habba, habbah which indirectly denote grains. Therefore, interpreters of the Quran along with translators form diverse yet all-encompassing interpretations and translations of the inclusive terms. Based on the analysis, the nine Quranic verses were found to define barley as a plant that is harvested with its roots. It is also regarded as a nutritious food for humans and cattle. Its stalks contain grains, they grow when watered and it has no nuclei. Its size is small, and the grains are clustered together.

The Bent-Rib Metaphor ḥadīth has long been a subject of interpretation and debate. This critical analysis explores the multifaceted dimensions of this ḥadīth, shedding light on its linguistic nuances and the broader implications for women's uniqueness and empowerment within the framework of Islam. The ḥadīth, which likens women to a bent rib, is often cited to justify traditional gender roles and hierarchies within Muslim societies. However, this study delves into the historical context, and original Arabic text, dissecting the intricacies of the metaphor and its intended message. It highlights the importance of contextual analysis in interpreting religious texts, challenging the simplistic readings that have often perpetuated patriarchal interpretations. Furthermore, this analysis emphasizes the need to recognize and celebrate the uniqueness of women within Islamic teachings. It argues that the Bent-Rib Metaphor ḥadīth can be interpreted as a symbol of diversity, complexity, and complementarity between genders, rather than justifying women's subordination. By promoting a more nuanced understanding of the ḥadīth, this study advocates for a broader role for women in religious, social, economic, and political spheres. The empowerment of women in Islamic societies is a central theme of this analysis, emphasizing that embracing the diversity and potential of women can lead to a more equitable and just society by Islamic principles. In conclusion, this critical examination of the Bent-Rib Metaphor ḥadīth offers a fresh perspective on women's roles and rights within Islam and serves as a foundation for fostering a more inclusive interpretation of Islamic teachings

This study scrutinizes the concept of integrity and various dimensions of integrity in human life, with a specific focus on the journey of Prophet Muhammad as a living example. The topic of integrity has been discussed due to its association with the predicaments of corruption and bribery. Numerous studies have established that a deficiency in integrity is identified as a contributing factor to corrupt practices. The approach employed in this qualitative study is content analysis. Data collected through content analysis are thematically analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods. Findings demonstrate that Prophet Muhammad was a man full of integrity throughout his life as a wage earner, Allah’s messenger and leader. Thus, the implications validate the notion that Prophet Muhammad serves as a quintessential exemplar for humanity. Consequently, through a reflective exploration of the life journey of Prophet Muhammad, valuable insights can be derived to combat the problem of corruption and bribery.

This research delves into the intriguing mention of the fig in the Quran, considering it a remarkable fruit possessing extraordinary Quranic uslūb(linguistic style). Scientific investigations have revealed the presence of antioxidant compounds within the fig. The primary objective of this qualitative study is to comprehensively examine the fig in the Quran, along with its Quranic uslūb, tounravel their profound significance. The method used in this qualitative study is content analysis. Data thatwere collected through content and document analysis were thematically analyzed using the descriptive and analytical methods. The findings highlight that the fig, uniquely mentioned in Surah Al-Tin 95:1, represents the sole instance where an antioxidant fruit is referenced in the Quran, characterized by distinctive uslūbwhen compared to other antioxidant fruits. The implications of this study substantiate that the fig is an exceptional miraculous antioxidant fruit, thereby providing empirical evidence forthe miraculous nature of the Quran (al-i’jāz al-Qurani) through its scientifically miraculous content (al-i’jāz al-‘ilmī) and linguistic miracle(al-i’jāz al-lughawī).

Social injustice issues that are skyrocketing in recent times have garnered attention from various parties. One of the issues includes leadership failure, which has caused an immense impact on the social structure. Strong leadership is essential in shaping society as it affects the growth of civilization. Unfortunately, the role of the Quran and Sunnah in guiding the leadership path has been abandoned by the leaders hence resulting in its crisis. Even though many scholars have provided the discussions of leadership’s crisis solutions, most of them are secular in essence due to the roles of revelations that have been continuously ignored and seen as irrelevant in the postmodern era. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to provide solutions to leadership failure through the exploration of the Quran and Sunnah. This study utilises the content analysis method to collect data whereby it combines descriptive and analytical approaches. First, the indicators of leadership incompetence are identified. Next, the solutions to these issues are analysed based on the Quran and Prophetic Sunnah. The result demonstrates that the Quran and Sunnah provide the best solution in solving leadership failure. Moreover, the divine revelations provide guidance to be a good leader for society so that a strong community will be built. The article unfolds five solutions, namely self-assessment before becoming a leader, selection of a strong and highly moral/ virtuous individual as a leader, fair distribution of wealth and opportunities, implementation of a just retribution system, and providing equal rights to different levels of people. Hence, the study is significant in emphasising the roles of revelation that should not be abandoned due to the timeless characteristics of the Quran and Sunnah.

Social justice is an ideal, ongoing struggle, that unites numerous people to attain it despite many obstacles. It is pivotal to be applied in various dimensions of life and involves the roles of many. Discussions of social justice, in general, are commonly circulated around equality, fairness, freedom, and solidarity. However, most discussions on social justice emphasize the interaction among mankind without placing the role of the divine source, the Quran as guidance. The role of the Quran as the words of Allah should not be abandoned as He is the Creator who acknowledges everything about his creations. Besides, the application of social justice in the western perspective keeps changing depending on the condition of the society. This article aims to explore the principles of social justice embedded in Quranic verses by extracting and analysing the verses based on the books of Quranic commentary (tafsir). This study is qualitative in nature, utilizing content analysis as a tool, which involved describing, analysing, and synthesizing the words, themes and concepts present in the data. The results demonstrated that the principles of social justice are extensively discussed in the Quran, composing of honourable dignity of human beings, human’s equality, liberty of humans, fair distribution of wealth and opportunities and respecting human rights.