This studyaims to determine the effect of a 4-weeks traditional archery intervention on hand-eye coordination and upper limb reaction time in sedentary youth. Methods: Thirty sedentary youth with leisure time activities of less than 150 minutes/week (mean age = 21.03 ± 1.61 years old) were randomly assigned into an intervention and a control group. A specific regimen of traditional archery training was given to the intervention group for 4 weeks, the control group on the other hand was requested to maintaintheir lifestyle. Result: There was significant intervention effect on hand-eye coordination of the intervention group (p< 0.05). The reaction time of intervention group showed higher improvement compared to the control group, however, the intervention effect was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Archery trainingsignificantly improvedthe hand-eye coordination within 4 weeks. Keywords: Traditional archery; Reaction time; Ruler drop test; Hand-eye coordination, Wall toss test.

Introduction: Orang Asli (OA) in Malaysia is considered vulnerable to social, economic and legal abuse. The increase in prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) among OA was reported due to their lifestyle changes. Our study aimed to determine the level of knowledge on NCDs among OA community and its’ association with demographic factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study by face-to-face interview was conducted among consented adult OA in Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan using a validated questionnaire. Their knowledge on risk factors, complications and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases was asked. Respective thresholds and ranges for poor, moderate and good categories were set as 0-15, 15–21 and 21- 28. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test the association between the demographic profile and knowledge score since the data was not normally distributed. Results: A total of 325 respondents with mean age 39.94 (±13.196) ranged from 18 to 83-year-old participated in this study. Majority were females (71.1%) with primary education (39.1%) and mean household income of RM 615.47 (± 446.79). Their mean knowledge score was 12.82 (±9.671). Majority of them had poor knowledge (51.7%). The respondents with higher education background had significantly better knowledge score compared to lower education background (p <0.001). Conclusion: Study shows that the level of knowledge on NCDs among OA is low and associated with level of education. Effective health intervention programs among OA can be one of the strategic methods to increase their knowledge on NCDs and eventually their health.

Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a strong link in the of survival for sudden cardiac arrest. Hence, bystander CPR (BPCR) plays an important role in curbing mortality and morbidity from out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest. However, the recent global Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted both public training and confidence in performing out-of-hospital CPR. This paper reviews detailed information from databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science on the readiness of BCPR during the pandemic. We also discussed the challenges bystanders encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic and the precautions to follow. Finally, we also highlighted the limitations which would benefit future endeavours in establishing well-planned and sustainable CPR training programs for the public. Therefore, regardless of the existing COVID-19 pandemic, BCPR must be emphasised to curb out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) mortality.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is defined as presence of free air or gas in the mediastinum. It may occur in young healthy individuals without serious underlying lung disease. SPM is a rare presentation at the Emergency Department; it typically occurs among tall and thin individuals. We report a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a gentleman who presented with a short history of chest and neck pain after coming back from work. Neck radiograph showed neck subcutaneous emphysema and chest radiograph showed pneumomediastinum with no evidence of pneumothorax or rib fracture.