In this study, a simple and low cost wax-infused sponge was fabricated from home ready appliances. The wax-infused sponge was fabricated by immersing cleaned and dried polyurethane sponge into liquefied paraffin wax then let solidified at room temperature. The properties of hydrophobicity and oleophilicity were measured and tested by using the contact angle method. The water contact angle measurement on the surface of the wax-infused sponge showed a higher reading (> 90°) than on untreated polyurethane sponge. Meanwhile, the cooking oil contact angle reading on wax-infused sponge was found immeasurable as the oil droplet instantaneously absorbed into the porous structure of the wax-infused sponge which showed excellent oil absorbing ability. Additionally, the water and cooking oil contact angle measurement significantly showed that the wax-infused sponge material exhibits both properties of hydrophobic (water repelling) and oleophilic (oil absorbing) properties at the same time.

The direction of the Qibla is the direction of the city of Makkah which is one of the legal conditions for performing prayer. Spherical trigonometry a branch of Mathematics plays a critical role in determining the direction of Qibla. This paper presents a trigonometry formula to calculate the direction of Qibla at the Tamhidi Centre at Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). The calculated value of the Qibla azimuth of Tamhidi Centre, USIM is 2923544.44 (from the north).