Browsing by Author "Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin"
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Publication The 3D Printability and Mechanical Properties of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as Additives in Urethane Dimethacrylate (UDMA) Blends Polymer for Medical Application(MDPI, 2022) ;Ahmad Adnan Abu Bakar ;Muhammad Zulhilmi Zainuddin ;Shahino Mah Abdullah ;Nizam Tamchek ;Ikhwan Syafiq Mohd Noor ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Ahmad AlforidiMohd Ifwat Mohd GhazaliThe integration of additive manufacturing (3D printing) in the biomedical sector required material to portray a holistic characteristic in terms of printability, biocompatibility, degradability, and mechanical properties. This research aims to evaluate the 3D printability and mechanical properties of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as additives in the urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) based resin and its potential for medical applications. The printability of the PHB/UDMA resin blends was limited to 11 wt.% as it reached the maximum viscosity value at 2188 cP. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also conducted to assess the significant effect of the varied PHB (wt.%) incorporation within UDMA resin, and the aging duration of 3D printed PHB/UDMA on mechanical properties in terms of tensile and impact properties. Meanwhile, the increasing crystallinity index (CI) of X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the 3D printed PHB/UDMA as the PHB loading increased, indicating that there is a strong correlation with the lower tensile and impact strength. FESEM images also proved that the agglomerations that occurred within the UDMA matrix had affected the mechanical performance of 3D printed PHB/UDMA. Nonetheless, the thermal stability of the 3D printed PHB/UDMA had only a slight deviation from the 3D printed UDMA since it had better thermal processability. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Barrier Membrane In Regenerative Therapy: A Narrative Review(MDPI, 2022) ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Nur Ayman Abdul Hayei ;Muhammad Annurdin SabarudinNor Haliza Mat BaharinGuided bone and tissue regeneration remains an integral treatment modality to regenerate bone surrounding teeth and dental implants. Barrier membranes have been developed and produced commercially to allow space for bone regeneration and prevent the migration of unwanted cells. Ideal membrane properties, including biocompatibility, sufficient structural integrity and suitable shelf life with easy clinical application, are important to ensure good clinical regenerative outcomes. Membranes have various types, and their clinical application depends on the origin, material, structure and properties. This narrative review aims to describe the currently available barrier membranes in terms of history, main features, types, indication and clinical application and classify them into various groups. Various membranes, including those which are resorbable and non-resorbable, synthetic, added with growth factors and composed of modern materials, such as high-grade polymer (Polyetheretherketone), are explored in this review. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Clinical Performance of Glass Ionomer in Class V Restorations: One-Year Follow-Up of Pilot Study(Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 2019) ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Norazlina MohammadNormaliza Ab MalikThis study's purpose is to evaluate the clinical performance of Class V restorations in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL's) using conventional glass ionomer Riva Self Cure (SDI) materials in a teaching institute for one-year follow-up. Participants with Class V restorations were recruited from the e-clinical database and reviewed after one-year. Two independent calibrated examiners were assigned to the clinical assessment with high inter-examiner reliability (? =0.82). Modified Ryge / USPHS criteria was used for direct evaluation of the clinical performance of restorations. The criteria assessed were anatomical form, the presence of secondary caries, retention, marginal adaptation, surface staining, soft tissue health and post-operative sensitivity. Class V restoration restored with glass ionomer showed 80.9% retention rate. Secondary caries, retention, surface staining and soft tissue health showed high scoring of A (clinically excellent restoration) (>90%). The highest acceptable restoration percentage (A- clinically excellent restoration + B-clinically acceptable) was surface staining while the lowest scoring categories was post-operative sensitivity. There was significant difference between gender and post-operative sensitivity (p<0.05). Spearman Correlation test showed that the gender was significantly correlated with post-operative sensitivity (r=0.48) while marginal adaptation was significantly associated with anatomical form (r=0.36) and secondary caries (r=0.39). In summary, after one-year follow, conventional glass ionomers are still clinically acceptable material to restore Class V and come with minimal complications. Clinical Significance: Class V restorations restored with conventional glass ionomer is still relevant as a material of choice to restore NCCL's despite the advancement of resin based materials. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A Contemporary Evaluation On Posterior Direct Restoration Teaching Among Undergraduates In Dental Schools In Malaysia(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021) ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Norazlina Mohammad ;Azlan Jaafar ;Faizah Abdul FatahAimi Amalina AhmadThere is a current trend to restore posterior teeth with composite resin due to increasing demands on natural tooth colour restoration and increased concern about the safety of amalgam restorations. The objective was to evaluate the current teaching of posterior direct restoration among restorative dental lecturers in Malaysia compared to available international literature. An online questionnaire, which sought information on the teaching of posterior restoration was developed and distributed to 13 dental schools in Malaysia. The response rate for the questionnaire was 53.8%. The most popular posterior restoration teaching methods among the respondents were lecture (95.7%), demonstration (87.0%) and problem-based learning (PBL) (73.9%), while continuous assessment and a practical competency test (82.6%) were the most popular assessment methods. Placing a hard setting calcium hydroxide and GIC base for deep cavity restored by composite restoration was taught in 79.2% of cases. The standard protocols for posterior composite restoration were incremental filling in deep cavity (87.5%), using circumferential metal bands with wooden wedge (91.7%), with a total etch system (95.8%), using a light emitting diode (LED) light curing unit (91.7%), finishing using water cooling (80%) and finishing with a disc (87.5%). Graduates from dental schools in Malaysia received similar theoretical, preclinical and clinical teaching on posterior restoration techniques, although there were variations in the delivery methods, techniques and assessments, pointing to a need for uniformity and consensus. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Description Of Poly(aryl-ether-ketone) Materials (paeks),Polyetheretherketone (peek) And Polyetherketoneketone\r\n(pekk) For Application As A Dental Material: A Materials\r\nScience Review(MDPI, 2023) ;Syazwani Mohamad Zol ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Zulfahmi Said ;Mohd Ifwat Mohd Ghazali ;Lee Hao-Ern ;Durratul Aqwa Mohd Farid ;Nur A’fifah Husna Zahari ;Aws Hashim Ali Al-KhadimAzrul Hafiz Abdul AzizPoly(aryl-ether-ketone) materials (PAEKs), a class of high-performance polymers comprised of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), have attracted interest in standard dental procedures due to their inherent characteristics in terms of mechanical and biological properties. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a restorative dental material widely used for prosthetic frameworks due to its superior physical, mechanical, aesthetic, and handling features. Meanwhile, polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic embraced in the additive manufacturing market. In the present review study, a new way to fabricate high-performance polymers, particularly PEEK and PEKK, is demonstrated using additive manufacturing digital dental technology, or 3-dimensional (3D) printing. The focus in this literature review will encompass an investigation of the chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of HPPs, particularly PEEK and PEKK, along with their application particularly in dentistry. High-performance polymers have gained popularity in denture prosthesis in advance dentistry due to their flexibility in terms of manufacturing and the growing interest in utilizing additive manufacturing in denture fabrication. Further, this review also explores the literature regarding the properties of high-performance polymers (HPP) compared to previous reported polymers in terms of the dental material along with the current advancement of the digital designing and manufacturing. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Effect of Different Vat Polymerization Techniques on Mechanical and Biological Properties of 3D-Printed Denture Base(MDPI, 2023) ;Lee Hao-Ern ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Mohd Ifwat Mohd Ghazali ;Zulfahmi SaidSyazwani Mohamad ZolThree-dimensional printing is increasingly applied in dentistry to fabricate denture bases. Several 3D-printing technologies and materials are available to fabricate denture bases, but there is data scarcity on the effect of printability, mechanical, and biological properties of the 3D-printed denture base upon fabricating with different vat polymerization techniques. In this study, the NextDent denture base resin was printed with the stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and light-crystal display (LCD) technique and underwent the same post-processing procedure. The mechanical and biological properties of the denture bases were characterized in terms of flexural strength and modulus, fracture toughness, water sorption and solubility, and fungal adhesion. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc were used to statistically analyze the data. The results showed that the greatest flexural strength was exhibited by the SLA (150.8 ± 7.93 MPa), followed by the DLP and LCD. Water sorption and solubility of the DLP are significantly higher than other groups (31.51 ± 0.92 µg mm3 ) and 5.32 ± 0.61 µg mm3 , respectively. Subsequently, the most fungal adhesion was found in SLA (221.94 ± 65.80 CFU/mL). This study confirmed that the NextDent denture base resin designed for DLP can be printed with different vat polymerization techniques. All of the tested groups met the ISO requirement aside from the water solubility, and the SLA exhibited the greatest mechanical strength. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication The effectiveness of non-dominant hand in performing oral hygiene care(UPM Press, 2020) ;Normaliza Ab Malik ;Aws Hashim Ali Al-Khadim ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Siti Nur Farhanah Mohd Desa ;Azlan Jaafar ;Faculty of DentistryUniversiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM)Introduction: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of dental plaque removal and to determine factors that could influence its efficacy when using the non-dominant hand. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed on a group of dental students. Dominant hands were determined using Edinburg Handedness Inventory questionnaire, and the dental plaque scores were examined using Quigley-Hein (Turesky) index. All of the participants were examined twice for dental plaque index scores. Data obtained was analyzed using a paired t-test and an independent t-test. Factors which influenced the dental plaque removal were listed and categorized accordingly. Results: A total of 62 dental undergraduates participated in the study. A high percentage of them, (71%, n = 44) were found to be right-handed. There was a significant increase in the dental plaque score for the left-handed participants, from baseline (use of the dominant hand) to follow-up appointment (after brushing their teeth with non-dominant hands) (p< 0.01). A significant change was found between the right- and left-handed participants in the first quadrant of the buccal side (p<0.05). Factors identified to be beneficial in dental plaque control were; using a mirror while brushing, extending brushing time, increasing brushing frequency, using additional tooth aids and powered toothbrushes. Conclusions: This study revealed that left-handed participants have less ability to remove dental plaque with their non-dominant hands. The right-handed participants, showed better controls in plaque removal with their non-dominant hands, compared to their left-handed peers on the buccal side of the first quadrant. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Evaluation of Posterior Composite Resin Restorations Teaching Among Undergraduate in Malaysia Dental School(Fakulti Pengajian Bahasa Utama, USIM, 2021) ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Azlan Jaafar ;Norazlina Mohammad ;Faizah Abdul FatahAimi Amalina AhmadIntroduction: There is an uprising calls on restoring posterior teeth with composite resin due to increasing demands on natural tooth colour restoration and increased concerns about the safety of amalgam restorations. Previous studies had indicated that the teaching of the posterior composites in dental schools were still developing although at the slower pace compared to the recent development of the contemporary dental materials and techniques. Purpose: To evaluate the current teaching of posterior composite restorations among restorative dental lecturers in Malaysia. Methodology: An online questionnaire which sought information on teaching of the composite resin restoration on posterior teeth was developed and had been distributed to 13 dental schools in Malaysia. Findings: The most popular posterior restoration teaching methods among the respondents were lecture (95.7%), demonstration (87.0 %) and PBL (73.9%) while continuous assessment and practical competency test (82.6%) were the most popular assessment methods. For preclinical training, composite resin (95.7%), amalgam (87%), glass ionomer cement (GIC) (34.8%) and resin modified GIC (13%) were the posterior materials taught in the preclinical year. The standard protocol for posterior composite restoration were incremental filling (87.5%) in deep cavity and using circumferential metal bands with wooden wedge (91.7%), with total etch system (95.8%) Significance: Graduates from Malaysia dental school received preclinical, thereotical and clinical teaching on posterior composites although there were variations on the delivery methods, techniques and assessments. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication An Evaluation on Deep Caries Removal Method and Management Performed by Undergraduate Dental Students: A Malaysia Experience(Thieme, 2021-12-26) ;Nurin Izyani Othman ;Hanan Umaira Ismail ;Norazlina Mohammad ;Norzalina GhazaliMuhammad Syafiq AlauddinObjectives The aim of this study was to investigate the current knowledge and attitude of deep caries removal method among dental students in Malaysia. Materials and Methods A total of 303 students (n = 303) responded to the online questionnaire. The first part of questionnaire was to evaluate the demographic data of the respondents and focused on the technique and management approach used for deep caries lesion. The second part investigated the preferred treatment used for deep caries based on the designated clinical case, while the third part assessed the factors that affected the decision on deep caries management. Statistical Analysis Independent t -test was used to compare difference between the two groups. Results Seventy four percent of the students have the knowledge of the different methods of caries removal, while 25.8% were only familiar with complete caries removal. The preferred method for deep caries removal in permanent teeth was partial caries removal (53%). For primary dentition, 45.6% of the students prefer to perform pulpotomy as compared with other techniques. There was no significant difference in caries removal method for permanent teeth between undergraduate year of study (p > 0.05), which was partial caries removal at 52.7 and 53.5%, respectively. For primary dentition, the preferred caries removal method was pulpotomy for year 4 (39.8%) and year 5 (52%) students. The popular material to restore deep caries was resin composite (42%) followed by glass ionomer cement (23.3%). Conclusions This study showed that partial caries removal was the preferred method despite partial understanding on the identification of the clinical indicators of the technique. © 2020. European Journal of Dentistry. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication An Evaluation on Full Coverage Crown Preparation: An Institutional Analysis(Premchand Shantidevi Research Foundation, 2020) ;Nabilah Raihana Binti Mohd Rashid , ;Muhammad Afif Imran Bin Abu Talib ;Wan Nor Syariza Wan Ali ;Azlan JaafarMuhammad Syafiq AlauddinIntroduction: Undergraduate (UG) dental students are trained for fixed prosthodontics course clinically in teaching institutions during the clinical years. However, there is a lack of objective data on the quality of fixed prostheses preparations done by UG students on their patients for academic and clinical staff. Aim: To evaluate the full-coverage crown preparations performed by UG dental students in the university clinical teaching programme. Materials and Methods: This study was a clinical audit done in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam, Malaysia (USIM) from April to July 2018. The demographic and clinical data were collected from the patient notes and included relevant information of patients such as age, gender and others. Full-coverage crowns were analysed and crown preparation assessments were done using specific criteria and standards. The descriptive data were measured in frequency and percentage for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation for continuous data. Results: A total of 31 patients fitted with 45 units of full-coverage crowns were analysed. The mean age of patients treated by fifth year dental students was 40.5 (+/- 14.16) years. A 51% Porcelain Fused to Metal (PFM) crown provided to the patients. On the whole, UG undergoing the dentistry programme in the institution scored the lowest (51%) on proximal reduction and the highest (97.7%) on producing smooth and continuous preparation. Conclusion: Majority of the crowns prepared by students have acceptable preparation except in proximal reduction and cervical margin preparation that can be improved upon and emphasised further during the teaching and learning sessions. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Management of Membrane Exposure Utilizing Concentrated Growth Factor (CFG) in Guided Bone Regeneration: A Clinical Report(BENTHAM Open, 2020-12) ;Muhammad Syafiq AlauddinHaslinda RamliIntroduction: This is a clinical case of a healthy woman with a missing upper right central incisor (#8) who requested a permanent prosthetic replacement due to endodontic failure. Clinically, she was presented with thin edentulous ridges and fibrous gingival tissue and minimal or compromised alveolar bone segment on the buccal profile as detected on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Case Report: The conventional treatment approach is to add pink porcelain; however, rarely does the prosthetic gingiva substitute blend well with the existing oral profile. Therefore,Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) was done instead on #8 using the allograft [RegenOss, Neobiotech] and PTFE membrane. Upon examination, membrane exposure was detected, and the size was found to be increased in follow-up visits. The membrane was replaced with a Concentrated Growth Factor [CGF] and sutured at the site of the defect. After 12 months, a vertical and horizontal bone with adequate soft tissue emergence profile was achieved clinically, radiographically, and digitally. The delayed removal of the exposed membrane provided more time for initial bone regeneration in GBR. The replacement barrier of an exposed membrane using CGF is considered an innovative procedure with the cellular content providing vascularization and regeneration. Conclusion: This case concludes that CGF can be a viable alternative material to enhance GBR outcome in replacing exposed membranes. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Mechanical and Structural Properties of Polyhydroxybutyrate as Additive in Blend Material in Additive Manufacturing for Medical Applications(MDPI, 2023) ;Muhammad Zulhilmi Zainuddin ;Ahmad Adnan Abu Bakar ;Ahmad Nurhelmy Adam ;ShahinoMah Abdullah ;NizamTamchek ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Mohd Muzamir Mahat ;Nophadon Wiwatcharagoses ;Ahmad AlforidiMohd Ifwat Mohd GhazaliToday, additive manufacturing (AM) is considered one of the vital tenets of the industry 4.0 revolution due to its high productivity, decentralized production and rapid prototyping. This work aims to study the mechanical and structural properties of polyhydroxybutyrate as an additive in blend materials and its potential in medical applications. PHB/PUA blend resins were formulated with 0 wt.%, 6 wt.%, 12 wt.% and 18 wt.% of PHB concentration. Stereolithography or an SLA 3D printing technique were used to evaluate the printability of the PHB/PUA blend resins. Additionally, from FESEM analysis, a change was observed in PUA’s microstructure, with an additional number of voids spotted. Furthermore, from XRD analysis, as PHB concentration increased, the crystallinity index (CI) also increased. This indicates the brittleness properties of the materials, which correlated to the weak performance of the tensile and impact properties. Next, the effect of PHB loading concentration within PHB/PUA blends and aging duration towards the mechanical performance of tensile and impact properties was also studied by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a two-way method. Finally, 12 wt.% of PHB/PUA was selected to 3D print the finger splint due to its characteristics, which are compatible to be used in finger bone fracture recovery. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication The Modern And Digital Transformation Of Oral Health Care: A Mini Review(MDPI, 2021) ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Ahmad Syukran BaharuddinMohd Ifwat Mohd GhazaliDentistry is a part of the field of medicine which is advocated in this digital revolution. The increasing trend in dentistry digitalization has led to the advancement in computer-derived data processing and manufacturing. This progress has been exponentially supported by the Internet of medical things (IoMT), big data and analytical algorithm, internet and communication technologies (ICT) including digital social media, augmented and virtual reality (AR and VR), and artificial intelligence (AI). The interplay between these sophisticated digital aspects has dramatically changed the healthcare and biomedical sectors, especially for dentistry. This myriad of applications of technologies will not only be able to streamline oral health care, facilitate workflow, increase oral health at a fraction of the current conventional cost, relieve dentist and dental auxiliary staff from routine and laborious tasks, but also ignite participatory in personalized oral health care. This narrative article review highlights recent dentistry digitalization encompassing technological advancement, limitations, challenges, and conceptual theoretical modern approaches in oral health prevention and care, particularly in ensuring the quality, efficiency, and strategic dental care in the modern era of dentistry. Keywords: big data; digital dentistry; artificial intelligence; internet of things; augmented reality; dental implants - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Modification Of Polymer Based Dentures On Biological Properties: Current Update, Status, And Findings(MDPI, 2022) ;Durratul Aqwa Mohd Farid ;Nur A’fifah Husna Zahari ;Zulfahmi Said ;Mohd Ifwat Mohd Ghazali ;Lee Hao-Ern ;Syazwani Mohamad Zol ;Sami AldhuwayhiMuhammad Syafiq AlauddinPolymers remain an integral part of denture fabrication materials, specifically polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA). PMMA has been extensively used, particularly in construction as a denture base material. Nonetheless, various challenges, including microbial threats in the form of candidiasis occurrence, still remain a biological challenge to denture wearers. The present article comprehensively reviews the biomodifications introduced to denture components, in particular denture base material, to improve the overall biological properties, together with physical, mechanical, structural integrity, and optical properties. In addition, fundamental information specifically to PMMA as a conventional denture base material and the causative aetiological microbial agents for biological threat to dentures are explored - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Online Orthodontic Screening for Dental Education(Ectodermal Dysplasia Group Turkey, 2022) ;Azrul Hafiz ;Aws Hashim Ali Al-Kadhim ;Muhammad Syafiq AlauddinSyatirah Najmi AbdullahDental education around the world were being affected by the pandemic COVID-19. Patients could not come to received treatment and students could not performed dental clinical practical due to lockdown implementation. To overcome this, an online orthodontic screening for examination and diagnosis was developed to help dental students to practice and perform assessment on patients. The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of using online orthodontics screening as an alternative way to physical classes and orthodontic clinics. This cross-sectional study was conducted on clinical years dental students. A total of seventy subjects participated in this study. All subjects were required to assess orthodontic patient extra-oral and intra-oral attributes base on the online orthodontic screening. The result shows that all subjects could identify correctly extra-oral features such as assessment of the skeletal pattern and soft tissue. While mixed result was noted on intra-oral characteristics such as teeth condition, teeth in occlusion and lower upper arches. As a conclusion, the implementation of orthodontic screening thru online method can be utilized as a feasible alternative in comparison to the traditional clinical setting. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Online Orthodontics Screening For Dental Education(Ectodermal Dysplasia Group-Turkey, 2022) ;Azrul Hafiz ;Aws Hashim Ali Al-Kadhim ;Muhammad Syafiq AlauddinSyatirah Najmi AbdullahDental education around the world were being affected by the pandemic COVID-19. Patients could not come to received treatment and students could not performed dental clinical practical due to lockdown implementation. To overcome this, an online orthodontic screening for examination and diagnosis was developed to help dental students to practice and perform assessment on patients. The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of using online orthodontics screening as an alternative way to physical classes and orthodontic clinics. This cross-sectional study was conducted on clinical years dental students. A total of seventy subjects participated in this study. All subjects were required to assess orthodontic patient extra-oral and intra-oral attributes base on the online orthodontic screening. The result shows that all subjects could identify correctly extra-oral features such as assessment of the skeletal pattern and soft tissue. While mixed result was noted on intra-oral characteristics such as teeth condition, teeth in occlusion and lower upper arches. As a conclusion, the implementation of orthodontic screening thru online method can be utilized as a feasible alternative in comparison to the traditional clinical setting. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A Preliminary Investigation Of A Novel CAD-CAM Polymer Crown(The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry, 2019)Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Preliminary Novel Analysis on Antimicrobial Properties of Concentrated Growth Factor Against Bacteria-induced Oral Diseases(Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 2022) ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Nabilah Mohd Yusof ;Aini Sufinah AdnanZulfahmi SaidObjective Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is particularly gaining acceptance and popularity in regenerative dentistry. Nonetheless, there are no available studies showing its effect against microorganisms of oral cavity particularly in chronic oral disease-induced biofilms. This in vitro research was conducted to determine the antimicrobial effects of CGF against Staphylococcus aureus sp. (S. aureus) and Streptococcus mutans sp. (S. mutans). Materials and Methods Blood samples were obtained from a healthy volunteer. CGF was then prepared using specialized centrifugation equipment (Medifuge, Silfradent, Santa Sofia FC, Italy) and protocol. Antimicrobial activity of the CGF was observed and recorded on standard strains of S. aureus and S. mutans using a well diffusion method to determine the inhibition zone, broth microdilution to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and crystal violet assay for biofilm assessment, with chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% used as a positive control. Statistical analysis was then performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey Test post hoc analysis. Results It was observed that there was a presence of clear zones of inhibition around the CGF after 24 hours of incubation. The mean diameter of the inhibition zone was 1.26 ± 0.12 nm and 1.20 ± 0.06 nm for S. aureus and S. mutans, respectively, with significance difference (p < 0.05) against the control group CHX 0.12%. The MIC values of the CGF against S. aureus and S. mutans were 47.9% and 34.17%, respectively, and the MBC values of the CGF against S. aureus and S. mutans were 100%. The viability and the ability in inhibiting the biofilm formation of S. mutans and S. aureus following treatment with CGF showed a reduction in the concentration-dependent manner as compared with the control group. Conclusion CGF possesses antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against S. aureus and S. mutans. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A Review of Polymer Crown Materials: Biomechanical and Material Science(Premchand Shantidevi Research Foundation, 2019)Muhammad Syafiq AlauddinThe conventional full coverage crown comes with complications such as material biomechanical complication, non- aesthetic appearance and the unpredictable longevity intraorally. Technology such as 3-dimensional printing accelerates the development of the polymer such as PEEK (Polyetheretherketone) in dentistry. Stress distribution analysis, specifically Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is one of the assessment methods to determine the suitability of the material used intraorally. The present paper focuses on the history and current usage of polymer in dentistry, potential role of polymer in full coverage crown fabrication and relevant investigations including FEA as investigation for in vitro assessment. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Short Dental Implants On Rehabilitation Of Atrophic Maxillary Ridge Utilizing Digital Planning(USIM Press, 2021) ;Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin ;Zurairah IbrahimAhmad Dzulfikar SamsudinThis is a clinical case of a healthy man with a missing upper right lateral incisor (#12) and canine (#13) who requested for a permanent prosthetic replacement due to a history of trauma. An orthodontic alignment was performed to idealise the spaces in the upper and lower arches. A horizontal guided bone regeneration (GBR) was then performed on the residual ridge on #12 and #13 using the xenograft [Cerabone ®, Botiss gmbh, Berlin, Germany] and resorbable collagen membrane (Lyoplant®). After 12 months, the radiographic analysis showed apparent bone-fill with an adequate horizontal bone gain which was further analysed using a specialized software for digital implant planning [R2GATE v1.1.1; Megagen, Daegu, Korea]. Two short dental implants (7.0 mm) were incorporated as part of the overall treatment plan. In this case, the utilization of the short implants on a previously augmented ridge with the aid of a digital implant planning showed excellent an clinical outcome.