Self-efficacy (SE) plays a pivotal role in how an individual approaches his or her goals, tasks, and challenges. Studies have shown that SE can contribute to well-being, job satisfaction, and individual development. Such research findings have led to the development of a model for enhancing SE from both western and Islamic perspectives. However, there is still room for improvement in the existing model. The western model of enhancing SE, introduced by Bandura, clearly lacks elements of spirituality. Meanwhile, the Islamic model uses the inductive method by emitting the sources of enhancing SE and extracting Quran verses and hadith related to the sources, although these are limited in number. This study aimed to explore the hadith in Kitab at-Targhîb Wa at-Tarhîb that related to SE and sought to analyze the sources of SE from the identified hadith. This study employed a qualitative approach design using the document analysis method. The researcher focused on the hadith in the chapter ‘Jihad’ and used Self-Efficacy Activated Process Model to guide the search for hadith texts related to SE. The data obtained were then analyzed, guided by Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-step thematic analysis. From Kitab at-Targhîb Wa at- Tarhîb, the researcher came up with three sources of enhancing the SE of an individual, which are (1) Worldview, (2) Intention, and (3) Preparation. Hopefully, this study will be able to add to the existing literature on SE that can integrate the western and Islamic models and contribute towards improving the mental health and well-being of individuals and the community.