Purpose: The study aims to analyze the role of coronavirus testing capacity to possibly reduce the case fatality ratio (CFR) in a large cross-section of countries. The study controlled health-care expenditures, logistics performance index (LPI), carbon damages, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) to understand the nature of causation between the CFR and stated factors. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a cross-sectional regression apparatus for coefficient estimates and variance decomposition analysis (VDA) for forecasting relationships between the variables over time. Findings: The results confirmed the W-shaped relationship between CFR and case-to-test ratio (CTR) in the presence of a LPI that exacerbates the CFR cases across countries. The VDA estimates suggest that carbon damages, logistics activities, and CSR are likely to influence CFR over time.

This qualitative study aims to identify Islamic perspectives on the issue of providing favourable feedback involving six evaluators and six evaluated officers of secondary school education service schemes in Sarawak. Study participants were selected by purposive sampling while data collection by semi-structured interview technique and analysed using content analysis technique. The findings of the study indicate that the issue of favourable feedback is associated with the issue of confidence in the effectiveness of favourable feedback and commitment to provide favourable feedback. Improvements need to be made to increase the effectiveness of performance appraisal and further studies are needed to address the problems that occur.