An Unexpected increase in life expectancy and low mortality rates for old people has lead Malaysia to be an ageing nation. As the ageing issue has gained prominence as mortality rates, study on the mortality rates and modelling these rates is significant so that the government and private sectors can prepare immediately and adequately for the specific needs of the aged such as the health care and retirement plan. However, modelling the mortality rates for old age is challenging as the mortality data often exhibit irregular patterns due to randomness and uncertainties. Several mortality models have been formulated to model the death rates. This research applies seven mortality models to the Malaysian mortality data from the years 2010 to 2016. The results show that the model established by Khaliludin et. al (2021) significantly improves Malaysian mortality estimation for old age in terms of accuracy and prediction performance, as well as its ability to capture important mortality features such as accident hump, mortality crossover, and deceleration of mortality at old ages.

Because of the COVID-19 epidemic, several educational institutions all around the world had to postpone classes. In Malaysia, the suspension began in March 2020. Throughout the first semester, this scenario persisted, requiring educational institutions to move to online classrooms and changing the academic calendar for the following years. The reality of online learning has sparked a discussion about a new pedagogical approach in which teachers and students must learn how to manage online learning and make the most of online tools. Students must first understand the challenges presented by online distance learning in order to do this (ODL). This essay will examine how students perceive the difficulties of online education in the wake of the COVID-19 epidemic. 495 UiTM Terengganu students who actively participated in online learning activities served as the study's sample. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Logistic Regression were used to examine the difficulties of online learning. In this study, the data was analysed using EFA and Logistic Regression to determine what factors account for the ODL issues that UiTM Terengganu students face. The results show that for most students, the internet and technology provide the biggest obstacles. Interaction between students and lecturers, psychological problems, challenging examinations, and self-management were also mentioned as obstacles.