The ionospheric F-layer profiles over Parit Raja (Lat. 1�52'N, Long. 103�48'E, Magnetic dip 14.3�) are observed for 5 days; from January 14 to January 18, 2005, a period in moderate solar epoch. Analyses show that the ionospheric profiles development and decay are accompanied by the rise and fall in the height associated to the profile density. The profile peak reaches its highest level during noon and lowest during pre-sunrise, under normal condition. Mixed profiles are observed during disturbed condition. The density size expands but reduction in peak height is observed. In addition, the electron density profile can also be a pre-cursor to the occurrence of spread-F. � 2014 IEEE.

This paper introduces a new alternative in representing temporal ionospheric height of peak electron density, hmax, variations using array antenna parameters. The use of polar cyclic diagram based on antenna radiation pattern is proposed. The height variations are illustrated using arrays of two-element arrays with array spacing in the x-direction of ? /8, and phase of ? /3, and with element spacing in the y-direction of ? /4, and phase of zero. The antenna equivalent model of peak height variations may complement the classical way of representing hmaxtemporal variations and acts as a signature to any ionospheric height of peak density variations. It constitutes the novelty of the study. � 2014 IEEE.