The study investigated the relationship among cognitive distortion, depression and self- Cognitive Distortion Scale (CDS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Pearson's correlation indicated a positive correlation between cognitive distortion and depression and negative correlations of cognitive distortion and depression with self-esteem. The results suggested that all self-criticism, self-blame and hopelessness predict helplessness. The result also suggested that helplessness and self-criticism predict depression. Depression and helplessness were found to predict self-esteem. The paper concludes rape victim are likely to experience a certain degree of cognitive distortion, implying that rape victims need support to recover. Further studies should include coping strategies and intervention. � IDOSI Publications, 2011.

The paper reports a validity and reliability study on a newly developed Moral Value Inventory for Muslim Adolescent (MVIMA). Analysis of data using 107 subjects showed a high general relialibity (.95), and the nine sub-scales (patience, gratefulness, humility, respecfulness, positive regard, honesty, love, tawakal, sincerity and taqwa) shows reliability value ranging between .72 to .84. The convergence validity for the sub-scales were significantly correlated (.36 to .72; p<.01). Factor analysis identified four factors (self-spiritual, self-social, social-spiritual, and self). Forty eight items with factor loading between .413-.657 of 99 original items were retained in the final inventory. � 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Worldwide, most of the mainstream media commonly reports bullying behavior. Nevertheless the instruments for measuring bullying behavior and the attitude towards bullying behavior among Malaysian adolescents are lacking. This study examined the reliability and validity of the peer aggression coping self-efficacy scale measuring the self-efficacy of bully victims among Malaysian adolescents. The scale, which consists of 45 items, was translated to Malay language using back translation method and its validity was examined using 176 high school students. The split-half reliability result revealed Cronbach's alpha of 0.91, indicating a high reliability. Four experts in the counseling field established face validity. The Peer Aggression Coping Self-Efficacy Scale provides a useful measure for examining children's self-efficacy. � IDOSI Publications, 2011.