This study discusses on the language style of amr concerning hajj, encompassing umrah as revealed in surah al-Baqarah. This study addresses two main objectives; firstly, to identify the form and functions of amr and secondly, to summarize the implicit meaning of the diverse forms of amr in the context of hajj including umrah in surah al-Baqarah. The study is designed using qualitative approach by employing text analysis based on Quranic exegeses by traditional and modern scholars. cAbbas (1997) Theory is applied for the first objective and the remaining objective is based on the Theory of al-Awsiy (1988) and al-Zuhayliy (1991). The findings of the study regarding hajj and umrah encompassed two forms of amr, which are ficl amr and uslub khabariy which means insyaiy. Three purposes of amr are discovered within this context and they are obligatory (wajib), warning (tahdid) and sunnah. With regards to the diverse types of indirect meaning of amr forms, this study found that ficl amr is used as a strong and firm way to reflect the intensity of command in explaining fundamental matters. Uslub khabariy which is referred to as insyaiy, is used subtly because it involves complicated matters. In conclusion, the forms of amr that have been used in specific contexts and circumstances have its own unique and implicit meanings. Thus, it is a good starting point to extend the scope of the present study to include other surah besides al-Baqarah.

Teaching of Arabic in Islamic religious schools in Malaysia starts since form one. The subject is divided into four skills. Writing skill is viewed as an important skill for students to master in order to answer exam questions. The current issue regarding students and their writing abilities are their inability to construct sentences properly. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate students' capability in building/constructing sentences through word arrangement, sentence extension and essay writing. To obtain the data, a set of questionnaires consisting of three parts were distributed to 200 secondary school leavers who are pursuing their studies at Islamic Science University of Malaysia. The result of this study shows that the students' level of capability in word arrangement is good. Their sentence constructions are generally acceptable. However, students are weak in essay writing.

Teaching Arabic language and literature in Malaysia is growing rapidly and across all levels of study. However, the problems are not yet fully explored. Weakness of student acquisition is always addressed by researchers. This content occurs because the teaching method still uses the old method, namely translation and teacher-centered learning. The purpose of this study is to present a language teaching strategy described by Ibn Khaldun and to see teachers performing to meet the needs of this strategy. In order to obtain the data, this study used qualitative methods that used interviews as an instruments for data acquisition. Eight excellent teachers were selected for this study. The findings show that Ibn Khaldun’s strategy is divided into three parts, gathering, strengthening and application. The practice of excellent teachers meets the requirements of this strategy. This study proposes to stakeholders to adapt this strategy in teaching Arabic to fit the requirements of PAK-21. © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2020.

This paper explores the influence of power distance that was present in the hierarchical Malays society in conducting an opposing egalitarian-based research methodology which is the participatory action research (PAR). This study involved a researcher and two lecturers in an educational setting in Malaysia. Data was collected through qualitative means such as observations, informal conversations, journal reflections and semistructured interviews. Data was then analysed through a critical reflective analysis. Findings suggest that the Malay lecturers� social background, which is highly influenced by the Islamic culture, affected the way they negotiated the Western-based egalitarian concept in PAR. It was recommended that future researchers to deliberate the cultural influences before embarking on a PAR journey in Malaysia. � 2017 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

Arabic debaters in national secondary school are students who not only possess excellent command of the language but are also able to articulate effectively their thoughts and argument in the Arabic language. The training sessions prepare the debaters with effective oral skills that are individually tailored to suit every debater's needs. The aim of this study is to identify the activities involved in the training sessions that have been designed by the coaches, particularly based on the approaches of gathering relevant vocabulary and word collocation, reinforcement and application. The data was collected by using questionnaires that focused on the three approaches. The respondents were 34 debate coaches from selected Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama, Sekolah Agama Bantuan Kerajaan and Kelas Aliran Agama. Findings from the study indicate that the debate coaches always implemented the three approaches in their training sessions. In the approach of gathering relevant Arabic words and sentences, the activity with the highest mean is finding the meaning of new words in Arabic through Arab-Malay dictionary. In the approach of reinforcement, the activity with the highest mean is correcting language errors made by students. In the approach of application, the activity with the highest mean is to make students translate sentences or words and make short sentences. This study proposes for the implementation of the three approaches in the teaching and learning of Arabic language in secondary schools, in order to enhance the debaters' oral proficiency skills of the target language.