The problem of terrorism is one of the most serious challenges standing in the face of sustainable development by all national and regional societies. Terrorism has become a danger that is increasing day after day. It can be said that terrorism has grown to be as dangerous as wars, since terrorist organizations in many countries of the world have assumed a plethora of technological advancement that enable them to execute their terrorist operations with a high degree of accuracy and proficiency. Terrorism has claimed the lives of millions of people, causing disabilities and injuring millions of people, as well as damaging and destroying the environment and public and private property. In addition, terrorism is also destroying minds through intellectual invasion. The spread of chaos and country fragmentation that comes along with the spread of terrorism are deemed to be some of the most dangerous consequences of terrorism. With the proliferation of nuclear weapons, national and regional concern increase over the fall of these dangerous weapons into the hands of terrorist groups, the advent of which may lead to an imminent end of humanity. The study covers concepts on the nature of terrorism in terms of its definitions, causes and motives; underscores national and regional efforts in combating terrorism; highlights the negative effects of terrorism on sustainable development in societies. Recommendations of the study include the need to activate the role of religious institutions in communicating the correct understanding of religion, whether in mosques or through seminars in universities and schools as well as the establishment of censorship by religious institutions on satellite channels, due to what we notice of religious fatwas from non-specialists. Recommendations also subsume the development of curricula in religious studies in schools and the development of a subject of Islamic culture as a general subject in university education