Movement Control Order (MCO) was implemented in Malaysia on March 18, 2020, to contain the spread of Covid-19. The mass media has played a great role in communicating the new restrictions and orders that regulated many public activities. All relevant channels including social media were employed by the mass media to ensure everyone was aware of the new norms. This study chooses Berita Harian, a Malay language newspaper, and examines its news portal and Instagram posts to explore the communication of standard operating procedure (SOPs) messages related to MCO as issued by the National Security Council (NSC) of Malaysia. Quantitative content analysis was used to explore the portrayal of SOPs using message styles and interactive elements. Initial results revealed that Berita Harian’s news portal still placed great importance on the text and non-narrative elements accompanied by photos to educate and influence the public about the rules related to SOPs. While on Instagram, videos were used dominantly that are visually more attractive, engaging, and narrative in nature. The study argued that the discussion of framing can be extended by emphasising interactive elements as the aspects of coverage that can contribute to the way an issue is framed. In conclusion, Instagram should be regarded as an important platform for media to reach out to more incidental users in communication messages related to Covid-19 MCO.

Purpose of the study: This article focuses on the definition of ‘illegitimate children’ in Muslim society in Malaysia based on its perspective of Shariah law, Islamic family law, civil law in Malaysia, and the existing perception of the Muslim society in Malaysia. This study also aims to compare the legal terms of ' illegitimate children' from various perspectives with the layman definition of illegitimate children. Methodology: Research information has been obtained through the documentary data collection based on report and annual data from the Malaysian government, non-government agencies and relevant turath scriptures to obtain the best definition of “illegitimate child”. Once data have been collected, the data have been analysed using a content analysis method through deductive or inductive reasoning. Main Findings: The result shows that the term ‘illegitimate children’ is based on the opinions of the Muslim Scholars which is the child conceived from adultery act without a legal marriage. However, the definition of illegitimate children is broad and varies among the existing authoritative bodies in Malaysia, which include a child conceived from an adultery act, unregistered because of lack of proper documentation for registration. Applications of this study: The results of this study are expected to assist the authorities especially Malaysian Islamic Development Office - Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM), National Registration Department (JPN), Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH), Islamic State Department of Malaysia, Shariah Courts in Malaysia and other agencies and NGOs in formulating strategies and taking follow-up actions. In addition, this study will become a reference to individuals, researchers, academicians, students, and the public in Malaysia. Novelty/Originality of this study: The misunderstanding about the definition of an illegitimate child according to JPN, added by the fact that JPN does not have the jurisdiction at all to determine the validity of the child that is supposed to be placed under the Shariah Court, has triggered an ongoing polemic in the Muslim community in Malaysia, concerning this child status issue. Keywords: Polemic, Illegitimate Child, Shariah Law, Muslim Community, National Registration Department of Malaysia.

The operating ijarah and ijarahfinancing are currently generating interest among the Islamic banks, investors, customers and even policy makers due to their less risk overloads and better profits to the public. This paper attempts to highlight the benefits of applying the Islamiclegal objectives (Maqasid Al-Shari’ah) in ijarahcontract, and how a strict compliance to the latter can help manage Shari’ah, business and distribution of wealth in the society. The paper discusses the impact of Muslim scholars in applying ijtihadand analogical deduction to fashion out the appropriate ruling in respect of the issues, by putting into consideration what would be the best interest of Islam and Muslim community as a whole. It also discusses the consent of the contracting parties as one of the conditions validating the ijarahcontract, and as a supplement to the objective of avoiding injustice and embezzlement of another person’s wealth. The paper explains how the profit made and the risks incurred, if any, are shared between the parties involved in ijarahtransaction which are proportionally shared according to what has been earlier agreed upon. Keywords: ‘Ijarah, Maqasid al-Shari’ah, Islamic banking, ijtihad,distribution of wealth

Modern technology shapes society and vice versa. When determining how to manage future technology, it is necessary to encourage beneficial breakthroughs while keeping in mind the core principles and rights upon which democratic societies are built. In the international discourse on the legal and ethical regulation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and other emerging technologies, the need for an interdisciplinary approach is widely recognised. Generally speaking, legal, ethical, and computer science or machine learning expertise are considered to be the bare minimum requirements. In addition to examining governance from a holistic and interdisciplinary approach to determine what is required to comply with the law, to define what is ethically correct, and to provide practical technical solutions. This study highlights the law, ethics, and machine learning. Thus, by identifying the legal developments in regulating legal education in public universities and reviewing the Standard Programme Law and Syariah issued by the Malaysian Qualifying Agency (2015), this study is informed by ethical aspects that should be addressed in governing emerging technology. The Maqasid Syariah and ethics serve as the study's core pillars and are utilised to build a model for managing emerging technologies in legal and syariah programmes. Doctrinal research from primary and secondary sources is used in this study. Adopting the Maqasid Syariah framework into higher education courses in law and Syariah can help to ensure that new technology is governed by ethical and moral principles, even though both frameworks share certain common ground or aims. The ideals of Maqasid Syariah improve people's quality of life as well as society. Overall, governing emerging technologies requires a multi-faceted approach that prioritizes benefits and costs, trustworthy characteristics, equitable and inclusive processes, consumer safety, privacy, and security. It also requires knowledge sharing and cross-sector collaboration to adapt to the unpredictable nature of business models that rely on emerging technologies.

Charity (zakat) has a great place in Islam. As it is obligatory, it is also a financial worship. It is considered as a purity, growth, increase, righteousness, blessing, and a resource for a country. It spreads a spirit of solidarity among society members. In Libyan setting, the legislator regulates its terms, conditions, and expenses. However, the practical reality revealed that there is shortage and inadequacy in its regulations and laws especially in dealing with some issues such as ruling of charity (zakat) regarding to (al-Saghir) (Ghair Mukalif) the under-puberty people’s money or the insane people’s money. Thus, the significance of the research resides in its dealing with such a wide range of people, and its reflection on one of the most important financial resources of the country. The researcher has adopted the descriptive analytical approach, compared to Islamic jurisprudence, by extrapolating the legal and jurisprudential texts, and its detailed evidence, and explaining their legitimate reasons, in order to achieve the research goal by clarifying the legal and legitimizing rulings for charity of such kind of peoples. The researcher come up with a conclusion confirms that the Libyan law is devoid of an explicit text governing the charity (zakat) of (al-Saghir) (Ghair Mukalif) the under-puberty people’s money or the insane people’s money, and the difference in Islamic jurisprudence regarding their ruling. The study recommends the necessity of legislative intervention by explicitly stipulating its ruling

The legislative authorities' responses to the COVID-19 pandemic initially raised questions about whether and how parliaments and legislatures should continue to meet during the pandemic. By analyzing the parliamentary facts from all elected and appointed federal, regional, and international legislative bodies, we found that the role of councils and legislative bodies as sites for citizens' representation has suffered the most, while the scrutiny and legislative functions of parliaments tend to preserve the achievements of the peoples, albeit in a form of conservatism. We found that the characters in the responses of the various legislative bodies to the epidemic reveal aspects of the performance of these councils, which have given priority to enacting legislation that serves the interests of societies, indifferent to the risk of disease exposure to their members, so their goal was to serve the people, putting the interests of people above every consideration. Accordingly, in my research paper, I will review the efforts made by the parliamentary and legislative bodies to preserve their work in addition to their basic work, which is the voice of the people they represent and the pursuit of a comprehensive representation of their needs.