Browsing by Author "Wan Shahida Wan Sulaiman"
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Publication Blastocystis sp. Subtypes Colonisation and their Association with Clinical Diseases: A Systematic Review(Akademi Sains Malaysia, 2022) ;Nurul Saadah Mohd Shaari ;Wan Shahida Wan Sulaiman ;Mohd Rahman Omar ;Nadeeya’Ayn Umaisara ;Ii Li, LeeNoradilah Samseh AbdullahBlastocystis sp. has been considered as an opportunistic intestinal parasite particularly in immunocompromised patient. Recent findings of the predominance of Blastocystis subtypes infection in the clinical disease with its interaction with gut microbiota in the hosts will be discussed accordingly. A total of 57 eligible studies, published from 2010 to October 2020 from a broad search in electronic databases were accessed. The studies showed that bloating, abdominal pain and diarrhoea were among the common symptoms in Blastocystis sp. infection in the immunocompromised patients. However, asymptomatic and healthy individuals were also infected by the Blastocystis sp. with higher prevalence among healthy individuals. Specifically, Blastocystis sp. ST3 were most frequently discovered among immunocompromised patients (IBS, cancer, transplant, HIV/AIDS, dengue) followed by ST1 and ST2. Despite most studies suggesting that Blastocystis sp. promote a healthy gut, a few studies had suggested otherwise. Blastocystis sp. colonisation may modify the gut microbiota with the reduction of beneficial bacteria phyla such as Firmicutes and Bacteroides. Although there was a positive association between Blastocystis sp. subtypes and clinical diseases, more studies are needed. To understand the pathogenicity of Blastocystis sp., their interactions with the gut microbiota communities in humans are properly discussed. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Different Type of Face Masks and Their Protection Against Covid-19(USIM Press, 2020) ;Nurul Azmawati MohamedWan Shahida Wan SulaimanCoronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) have become a major pandemic and a gruesome burden worldwide. The infection is easily spread through respiratory droplets from infected individuals during coughing, sneezing or talking. People in their vicinity, within 1-meter distance, can get infected by breathing contaminated air and touching the contaminated surfaces or hands. WHO encouraged the use of facemasks in the community, together with regular hand washing with soap and social distancing to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. However, with the many types of facemasks available in the markets, it remains debatable as to which ones are the most effective in curbing the transmission of the disease. This paper reviews available literature on the types of face masks, their effectiveness in filtering droplets and the advantages and disadvantages of using disposable and fabric masks. As found out, the most superior mask is the N95 type, with a filtration rate of 95% of 0.3 micron particles. However, for respiratory droplets, which particle size is from 5 to 10 microns, a surgical mask is adequate with a filtration rate of 90% of 3 micron particles. Due to disposal and cost concerns, surgical masks are recommended to be used only by health care workers. Three-layer cotton masks offer almost the same filtration rate as surgical mask and are recommended by WHO to be used in the community to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. Surgical masks and 3-layered cotton masks are effective in preventing droplet transmission from infected to healthy individuals. To prevent COVID-19, the public should be reminded continuously on the proper use and disposal of masks, regular hand washing and physical distancing. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Early Viral Clearance Among Covid-19 Patients When Gargling With Povidone-iodine And Essential Oils: A Clinical Trial(Japan Health Sciences University, 2020) ;Nurul Azmawati Mohamed ;Nizam Baharom ;Wan Shahida Wan Sulaiman ;Zetti Zainol Rashid ;Wong Kon Ken ;Umi Kalsom Ali ;Siti Norlia Othman ;Muttaqillah Najihan Samat ;Najma Kori ;Petrick Periyasamy ;Nor Azizan Zakaria ;Agni Nhirmal Kumar Sugurmar ;Nur Ezzaty Mohammad Kazmin ;Cheong Xiong Khee ;Siti Mariyam SanimanIlina IsahakBackground: Gargling had been reported to have significant roles in the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of regular gargling to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 in the oropharynx and nasopharynx. Methodology: This pilot, open labeled, randomized, parallel study compared the effect of 30 seconds, 3 times/day gargling using 1% povidone-iodine (PVP-I), essential oils and tap water on SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance among COVID-19 patients in a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Progress was monitored by day 4,6 and 12 PCR (Ct value), gargling and symptoms diary as well as clinical observations. Results: Five confirmed Stage 1 COVID-19 patients were recruited for each arm. The age range was from 22 to 56 years old. The majority were males. Two respondents had co-morbidities, which were asthma and obesity. Viral clearance was achieved at day 6 in 100%, 80%, 20% and 0% for 1% PVP-I, essential oils, tap water and control group respectively. Analysis of 1% PVP-I group versus control group showed significant p-value for comparison of PCR results on Day 4, Day 6 and Day 12. Conclusions: This preliminary study showed that gargling with 1% PVP-I and essential oils show great potential to be part of the treatment and management of Stage 1 COVID-19. Larger studies are required to ascertain the benefit of gargling for different stages of COVID-19 patients. This study was registered in clinicaltrial.gov (NCT04410159). - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Knowledge, Attitude And Practices Regarding Personal Hygiene Of Food Handlers In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A Pilot Study(2014) ;Shalinawati Ramli ;Nurul Azmawati Mohamed ;Tengku Zetty Maztura Tengku Jamaludin2 ;Che Ilina Che Isahak ;Nooriah Mohamed SallehWan Shahida Wan SulaimanIntroduction: Foodborne diseases have caused a significant morbidity and mortality around the world. Food safety is an increasingly important public health issue since years ago until now. Food handlers have a major role in the prevention of food poisoning during food production and distribution. However, food contamination by food handlers could occur and leading to foodborne diseases if they lack knowledge and neglect of their personal hygiene on food handling practices in their premises. This study was aimed to assess the level knowledge, attitude and practices among food handlers in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 30 food handlers. The information consisting of demographic, knowledge, attitude and practices on personal hygiene was collected using self-administered questionnaire. Results :Overall results showed that the majority of the food handlers had a good knowledge, attitude and practices on personal hygiene. Analyzed data obtained stated that mean score for knowledge is 2.84±0.10 out of total 3 respectively, attitude is 4.38±0.25 and practices is 4.37±0.68 out of total 5 respectively. Discussion :This study revealed that, although food handlers personal hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices were good, some of the hygiene aspects need to be emphasized. However, more effort is needed such as continuous education and food safety training should be provided periodically and frequently in order to minimize foodborne hazards - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Knowledge, Attitudes And Practice Of Hand Hygiene Among Parents Of Nursery Children In Ampang, Selangor: A Pilot Study(Sage Publication, 2014) ;Nurul Azmawati Mohamed ;Shalinawati Ramli ;Nur Natasha Zulkefli Amin ;Wan Shahida Wan Sulaiman ;Nooriah Mohamed Salleh ;Tengku Zetty Maztura Tengku JamaludinChe IIina Che IsahakIntroduction: Infections spread easily among children in nurseries due to overcrowding and their natural intimacy. Contact transmission is preventable through proper hand hygiene and good sanitation. This is a pilot study that evaluated knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) of hand hygiene among parents. Further study will focus on KAP among parents and caregivers in nurseries and its association with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage. Methods :This cross-sectional study involved 30 university support staff who sent their children to nurseries. Participants were given questionnaires consisting statements related to personal hand hygiene, hand hygiene practices during the care of children and infection related to poor hand hygiene. Results :The mean score for knowledge of hand hygiene was 2.71 ±0.257 out of 3. Meanwhile, the mean score for attitude and practice of hand hygiene were 4.59 ±0.395 out of 5 and 4.54 ±0.362 out of 5 respectively. Discussions: Overall results showed that the majority of parents had a good understanding of hand hygiene. However more effort is needed to ensure good hand hygiene technique is taught as early as in nurseries and practiced in the community. This is very important for prevention of communicable diseases in the community