Browsing by Author "Zainuddin Z."

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    Supercapacitor electrodes from activation of binderless green monoliths of biomass self-adhesive carbon grains composed of varying amount of graphene additive
    (Institute for Ionics, 2018)
    Jasni M.R.M.
    ;
    Deraman M.
    ;
    Suleman M.
    ;
    Zainuddin Z.
    ;
    Othman M.A.R.
    ;
    Chia C.H.
    ;
    Hashim M.A.
    ;
    Faculty of Science and Technology
    ;
    Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
    ;
    Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM)
    Binderless electrodes of activated carbon monoliths (ACMs) and its composites with graphene are prepared by carbonization and activation of green monoliths consisting of self-adhesive carbon grains and 0�10�wt% KOH-treated graphene. Compared with ACMs, the optimized composite containing 6�wt% graphene exhibits more ordered micro-structures with increased crystallite height, and graphitic sp2 carbons (ID/IG�=�0.49 vs. 0.91) along with enhanced porosity; as revealed by X-ray diffraction, Raman, and N2 adsorption-desorption studies. These modifications lead to increased electrical conductivity (13 vs. 9�S�cm?1) through improved interconnections of carbon particles by graphene, and surface area�~�(800 vs. 456�m2�g?1) due to increased inter-particle spacing. Further, contrary to ACMs, the composite electrodes can offer faster delivery of energy in almost 50% less response time (5 vs. 8�s) due to reduced equivalent series resistance (1.67 vs. 2.65�?) and charge transfer resistance (0.55 vs. 1.33�?). � 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.