In recent times, the escalation of halal food fraud, involving the illicit use of halal logos and certificates, label misrepresentation, and contamination with non-halal elements, has become a pressing concern. This issue has especially impacted consumer trust, particularly among Malaysia's Muslim community, magnified by the disreputable meat cartel scandal. Safeguarding Muslim consumers' confidence in halal meat products is a significant challenge, necessitating severe measures in all aspects, including halal certification procedures. This study investigates the specific degrees of halal certification practices within the meat industry, emphasizing their pivotal role in upholding industry integrity. Employing comprehensive library research and document analysis, encompassing primary and secondary sources such as articles, journals, official portals, and conference papers, detailed insights were extracted and thematically analyzed. The research reveals how important of halal certificates towards customers to ensure the halal status of meat products in the market, aligning with Shariah requirements. The study's findings are poised to enrich current knowledge about halal certification in the meat industry, offering valuable insights for industry stakeholders, consumers, and governmental bodies. Ultimately, this study provides a robust foundation, serving as an invaluable reference point for industry players, regulatory authorities, and other relevant agencies, offering a comprehensive framework to underscore halal certification in Malaysia's meat-based industry.

Fatwa on Clexane and Fraxiparine which are used for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy and puerperium, imposed by the Malaysian National Fatwa Council (MNFC) in 2009 stating that both types of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is prohibited except in darurah only due to its porcine preparation ground. Thus, this paper embarks to expound to which extent unlawful sources for medical prevention and treatment can be used for Muslim consumption. Is it only when a darurah condition is announced as an exemption situation that the intoxicating material is allowed in medicine? This research employs qualitative methodology using document review method to analyse the content of the document including medical journals and Shariah books. Observing the alarming maternal mortality due to VTE during pregnancy and puerperium in Malaysia nowadays, it is true that VTE is a fatal and life threatening illness. Due to that, LMWH is recommended by the Ministry Health of Malaysia (MOH). With LMWH features of accessibility, feasibility, effective and safety profile, it becomes the first line of option among O&G doctors in Malaysia albeit it is porcine based. Therefore, this paper found that the prevention of VTE using LMWH when diagnosed as a moderate risk during pregnancy and low risk during puerperium is allowed in the shariah perspective based on Islamic legal maxim namely Al-Hajah Tunazzal Manzilah Darurah.

Fatwa on Clexane and Fraxiparine which are used for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy and puerperium, imposed by the Malaysian National Fatwa Council (MNFC) in 2009 stating that both types of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is prohibited except in darurah only due to its porcine preparation ground. Thus, this paper embarks to expound to which extent unlawful sources for medical prevention and treatment can be used for Muslim consumption. Is it only when a darurah condition is announced as an exemption situation that the intoxicating material is allowed in medicine? This research employs qualitative methodology using document review method to analyse the content of the document including medical journals and Shariah books. Observing the alarming maternal mortality due to VTE during pregnancy and puerperium in Malaysia nowadays, it is true that VTE is a fatal and life threatening illness. Due to that, LMWH is recommended by the Ministry Health of Malaysia (MOH). With LMWH features of accessibility, feasibility, effective and safety profile, it becomes the first line of option among O&G doctors in Malaysia albeit it is porcine based. Therefore, this paper found that the prevention of VTE using LMWH when diagnosed as a moderate risk during pregnancy and low risk during puerperium is allowed in the shariah perspective based on Islamic legal maxim namely Al-Hajah Tunazzal Manzilah Darurah.

Pandemik Covid-19 telah memberi kesan negatif terhadap aspek ekonomi negara sekaligus menaikkan kadar kemiskinan negara semasa. Bagaimanapun, terdapat beberapa isu pembasmian kemiskinan yang boleh memberi impak yang tidak memberangsangkan sekiranya beberapa inisiatif tidak difokuskan dalam usaha membasmi kemiskinan tegar menjelang 2025. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sorotan literatur secara sistematik ke atas bagaimana zakat berperanan dalam membangunkan ekonomi umat Islam di Malaysia pasca pandemik sekaligus membendung isu kemiskinan. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah PRISMA iaitu dengan membuat carian artikel di pangkalan data Scopus, Emerald dan Google Scholar (Advanced Google Scholar) secara sistematik sepanjang tempoh bermula 2021 hingga 2023. Data yang dikumpul telah dianalisis dan direkodkan dalam carta alir PRISMA. Sejumlah 67 artikel jurnal yang terpilih berkaitan dengan topik telah dibincangkan oleh pengkaji. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa perlaksanaan segera transformasi medium pengumpulan dan pembahagian zakat dalam usaha membasmi kemiskinan oleh pihak berwajib di Malaysia kerana ia sangat relevan dan signifikan membasmi kemiskinan. Kajian ini memberi impak terhadap kemampuan masyarakat untuk kelangsungan hidup agar bebas dari kemelut kemiskinan tegar pada pasca-pandemik Covid-19 tercapai pada tahun 2025 menerusi salah satu sistem kewangan sosial Islam iaitu zakat secara teknologi digital samada dari segi pengumpulan atau pembahagian sumbangan zakat kepada yang memerlukan.

Kenaikan insiden kemiskinan mutlak di Malaysia semakin meningkat apabila 20% isi rumah M40 beralih kepada B40 sepanjang waktu pandemik COVID-19 akibat kemelesetan ekonomi. Pelbagai usaha dijalankan bagi menangani kemiskinan sejajar dengan tunjang utama Rancangan Malaysia Kedua Belas (RMK-12) iaitu pengukuhan keselamatan, kesejahteraan dan inklusiviti. Bagi mencapai objektif kesejahteraan negara dalam masa lima tahun sejak RMK-12 diperkenalkan, pendekatan yang proaktif perlu dilakukan secara terancang. Namun begitu, pelbagai pendapat telah dilontarkan bagi mentransformasikan inklusiviti B40 dalam kegiatan ekonomi terutamanya berkaitan agihan bantuan kemiskinan yang menjadi talian hayat mereka saban hari. Oleh itu, penilaian semula penentu agihan bantuan kemiskinan perlu dijalankan bagi memastikan kesejahteraan rakyat terus terjamin. Kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk menganalisis berkenaan penentuan agihan bantuan kemiskinan kepada golongan B40 di Malaysia dengan menggunakan analisis literatur sistematik. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah PRISMA iaitu dengan membuat carian artikel di pangkalan data Scopus dan My Jurnal secara sistematik sepanjang tempoh bermula 2021 hingga 2023. Data yang dikumpul telah dianalisis dan direkodkan dalam carta alir PRISMA. Sejumlah 52 artikel jurnal yang terpilih berkaitan dengan topik telah dibincangkan oleh pengkaji. Hasil kajian mendapati agihan bantuan kemiskinan yang baru mampu mengenalpasti faktor tekanan sara hidup rakyat miskin yang terjerat dalam golongan B40 selain membantu untuk meringankan beban kuasa ekonomi rakyat miskin. Diharapkan penyelidikan ini dapat memberi gambaran dan perbincangan yang berguna serta menjadi rujukan kepada penyelidik dan ahli akademik yang lain berkenaan analisis sistematik terhadap penentuan agihan bantuan kemiskinan kepada golongan B40 dengan menggunakan metodologi PRISMA.

This conceptual paper investigates the interaction between halal tourism, local gastronomy, and Islamic law, with a focus on sustainability and cultural sensitivity. Halal tourism is a rising market niche within the tourism industry, catering to Muslim travellers seeking sites and activities that adhere to Islamic values. Local gastronomy, which refers to the appreciating the traditional cuisine and host culture of a specific region or community, can be a major draw for halal visitors. Yet, promoting local cuisine can present obstacles in terms of authenticity, cultural sensitivity, and sustainability. The purpose of this study is to identify how Islamic law might help overcome these difficulties and promote sustainable halal tourism by promoting local gastronomy. The study took a review of the literature approach, drawing on existing research on halal tourism, local gastronomy, and Islamic law. The study highlights numerous ways in which Islamic law might assist in addressing contemporary challenges in the promotion of local gastronomy within the context of halal tourism. Stakeholders may guarantee that they are serving the requirements and expectations of their target market while also contributing to larger ethical and sustainability goals by incorporating Islamic values into their processes. Therefore, this study suggests that the intersection of halal tourism, local gastronomy, and Islamic law can be leveraged for sustainable development, cultural preservation, and social integration. By breaking down cultural barriers and promoting sustainable practices in the promotion of local gastronomy, stakeholders can ensure that their practices are consistent with the values of their target market and with broader ethical and sustainability considerations.

Blood clotting or Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy following Covid-19 infections can lead to catastrophic event. The hypercoagulable state of pregnancy is increased following Covid-19 inflammatory reaction leading to extensive use of Low Molecular Heparin (LMWH). This paper aims to analyse the methodologies used in imposing fatwa or legal rule (ḥukm) upon LMWH issue due to its porcine origin. Thromboprophylaxis with LMWH is permissible for critical (ḍarūrah) condition in VTE events as commonly agreed by majority Muslim scholars. However, with the increasing maternal mortality and morbidity due to VTE following recent Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia, a dire need of an emergency buffer to contemplate the description of ḍarūrahand its level of severity. LMWH has been used widely as thromboprophylaxis and treatment among pregnant women especially in Covid-19 related coagulopathy. However, does LMWH allowed only when the women are at risk determined as ḍarūrahas mentioned by Islamic institutions around the world? The sighah term in ḍarūrahas imposed in the fatwa by Islamic institutions at national and international level with regards to the above mentioned based on document review method. Thisstudy concludesthat prompt action should be taken by Islamic Institutions to respond on the use of thromboprophylaxis with LMWH upon pregnant women with Covid-19 infection by addressing the issue of hifz al-nafs in determining the minimum level ḍarūrahknown as tenacious ḥājah(need) and maximum level of ḍarūrah. Thus, signifies the proficiency of Muslim scholars in current contemporary issues.

Debates over halal and haram regarding foods and non-foods have heatedly discussed amongst shariah scholar most of the times especially in Muslim country such as Malaysia. Through our naked eye, impure elements can be cleansed and purified by washing away the stain. By transforming from an impure form to pure form by mixing the thing with other substance in order to change it into a total content and form could be defined as istihalah. Its validity as a measurement tool in determining the status of halal and haram over food and non-food issues is a legal method in Islam. However, there is school of thought in Islamic fiqh observed as more stringent and stricter in verifying istihalah as legal indicator in imposing fatwa with regard halal and haram status as implemented by Malaysian National Fatwa Council (MNFC) towards porcine based medicine namely Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH). Even though the present era shows its cruciality towards a need of accepting a contemporary way of fiqh approach, not to mention the efficacy, accessibility, and feasibility of LMWH, but MNFC remained observed has less enthusiasm upon istihalah method because that Islamic fatwa organization in Malaysia is more prone to Shafi’iyyah school of thought which accepting istihalah with exceptions only. This notion creates a query reason over the fatwa upon pharmaceutical issues nowadays which able to lead to misconception to the patients who might necessarily need LMWH. This qualitatively study attempts to propose a rational and harmoniously conforming to science and technology development in manufacturing the medicine which able to remove the Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the porcine. This study may contribute to solve the issue of pharmaceutical products which manufactured from impure basis by adapting a shariah compliance guideline provided at the end of study.

Istihalah and istihlak are not an extraterrestrial subject and have been debated over centuries among shariah scholars. Halal Pharmaceutical had been clearly explained that must comply with shariah prerequisite to be endorsed as halal compliance medicine. However, this industry often faces unmatched medicine which able to heal deteriorated diseases such as thrombosis or embolism that require second opinion by Shariah scholars. The medicine named Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) had been imposed the fatwa on it by Malaysian National Fatwa Council (MNFC), however, some exempted conditions require this porcine base medicine for prophylaxis or therapy. This paper aims to propose istihalah and istihlak to be legal indicators through fiqh methods in the making of fatwa regarding to this notorious medicine. This paper employs qualitative methodology which using documents review method to analysis the data.

Sarang Burung Walit (SBW) yang diperbuat daripada air liur burung spesies Aerodramus fuciphagus mempunyai banyak manfaat kesihatan seperti melambatkan proses penuaan serta menguatkan sistem imun manusia. Bagi memaksimumkan penggunaan SBW, hasil sampingan SBW daripada pembersihan awal digunakan oleh pengilang dengan mengekstrak semula glikopeptida yang melekat pada hasil sampingan tersebut. Namun, status Halal glikopeptida yang dikumpul daripada hasil sampingan SBW telah dipersoalkan berhubung kemungkinan kehadiran najis dan bulu burung pada produk akhir yang dijadikan bahan makanan. Kajian ini mengesan kehadiran najis dan bulu dalam glikopeptida yang diekstrak daripada hasil sampingan SBW dengan menggunakan analisis Spektroskopi Fourier Transformasi Intramerah (FTIR) yang digabungkan dengan Analisis Komponen Utama (PCA) dan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Resonans Magnet Nuklear (NMR). Selain itu, kajian ini juga mengupas mengenai hukum syariah berkaitan dengan burung Walit dan perbandingannya dengan burung layang-layang serta status halal penggunaan glikopeptida yang diperoleh semula daripada hasil sampingan SBW. Hasil daripada kajian ini menunjukkan, analisis FTIR yang digabungkan dengan analisis PCA, dapat mengesan dan membezakan kehadiran penanda (bulu dan najis) dalam sampel hasil sampingan SBW yang diekstrak melalui proses pembersihan yang berbeza. Keputusan analisis yang sama juga diperoleh melalui kaedah NMR. Mengikut hukum syariah, jika jumlah najis (bulu dan najis) adalah minima dan tidak kelihatan dengan mata kasar, konsep al-najasah al-ma‘fuww ‘anha li qillatiha ‘urfan (ia dimaafkan kerana kadar kecil mengikut uruf) boleh digunakan. Produk itu boleh dipertimbangkan untuk mendapat sijil Halal daripada pihak berkuasa Malaysia.

Physiological changes in pregnancy makes the pregnancy a hypercoagulable state. Recent Malaysian maternal mortality enquiry in 2016-2017 statistic revealed that the principal cause of maternal death is caused by venous thromboembolism (VTE) particularly pulmonary Embolism (PE). Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) is the treatment of choice in pregnancy due to its efficacy, effectiveness and safety profile which is superior then other anticoagulants. Unfortunately, LMWH is porcine base anticoagulant which creates a huge hesitancy and dilemma amongst Muslim medical practitioners. Perplexity especially in preventive treatment as the national fatwa issued permissible usage only in life threatening necessity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the principals in shariah towards mothers at risk of VTE during pregnancy and puerperium whom will be prescribed porcine base anticoagulant as prophylaxis. Utilizing textual content analysis in this qualitative research, the outcome will clarify the feasibility by al-zikr or ahl al-khibrah in porcine based medication as VTE prophylaxis treatment. This study aimed to purpose a new perspective in delineating the dilemma among Muslim practitioner.