2023 I-iECONS

Nowadays, people are looking to get married without considering what comes after. They are not aware of a prenuptialagreement that can be done to secure their rights and assets if divorce occurs. This study is done to find the awareness and acceptance level of prenuptial agreements in Malaysia. Prenuptial agreements have been the centre of a lot ofdiscussion and debate in Malaysia in recent years. Although some argue that such agreements violate the Malay tradition of joint property ownership, others consider them a relevant measure to protect against financial conflicts in the divorce scenario. Prenuptial agreements are chosen because of the increment of divorcees not getting their rights in alimony which is mandatory for the ex-husband to pay every month to help the ex-wife and their children for their monthly expenses. The minimum sample size was determined through Raosoft Calculator software. This survey included 324 respondents, and the sample was acquired using Google Forms. The findings of this study depicted that theprenuptial marriage agreement is accepted and understood by the public. (M=3.44).

With its widespread recognition and substantial global user base, TikTok is one of the most prominent social media platforms. For many users, browsing through TikTok for a few hours daily has become a habitual or essential routine. This study is done in order to find the level of acceptance towards TikTok as a da’wah and learning platform. TikTok has been chosen since it has many users that used TikTok for gaining knowledge about learning and religious matters. With the technology improvement, people nowadays can easily gain information about da’wah and learning purposes. The minimum sample size was determined through Raosoft Calculator software. The study employs a quantitative approach via the Google Form platform, with 411 respondents. The survey questions were distributed to the public through various forms of social media such as WhatsApp, Instagram and Twitter via a link specially created to gather more respondents. Based on the results and findings, it indicates that the level acceptance of TikTok as a da’wah platform is high (M= 3.39). Same goes to the level acceptance of TikTok as learning platform is high (M= 3.50). So, throughout this research, it shows that people are accepting TikTok as a da’wah and learning platform. TikTok serves as an invaluable platform for the general public, facilitating both learning and preaching endeavours.

As Malaysia strives for a more sustainable future, the case for developing values to facilitate entrepreneurship better becomes more compelling. One of the lessons learned was from Fintech organizations. Their goals and outcomes in Shariah and Non-Shariah Fintech solution offerings have yet to be determined. The Sustainable Entrepreneurship Values (SEV) is developed using an artificial intelligence system that allows prescription, forecasting, prediction, and recommendation. The SEV model examines the action of Fintech organizations to create value in promoting sustainable, inclusive, and socially beneficial outcomes. The system offers better access to a wider variety of data, increased computing power, greater demand for improvements in efficiency, and economic growth. Providing an all-inclusive solution encourages Islamic Fintech organizations to reconsider the difficulties in achieving their goals, particularly social inclusivity (sadaqah, waqf, and zakat services). The outcome is to generate the SEV model, which adds value to the objectives of the Madani Framework on economy, finance, and communities; the Islamic Hub 2.0; and SDG8 on decent work and economic growth. The output provides the co-creation of value generated by the supportive ecosystem with ongoing innovation, with 14 sub-sectors of Fintech contributing to the co-creation of SEV values applicable to the Malaysian Education Policy on Industry 4.0. As a result, the SEV model explains sustainable entrepreneurship values that act as game changers for organizations.

The current growth of digital banks is accelerating. This can be seen from the number of users experiencing significant growth throughout the world, including Indonesia. Perceived Usefulness and Religiosity are the important things to create Attitude. If these things and Social Influence as well as Features are perceived by potential users, it can lead to Intention to Use. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of Perceived Usefulness and Religiosity through Attitude and Social Influence as well as Features as exogenous variables on Intention to Use on Islamic Digital Banks. This study uses quantitative research methods using SEM-PLS analysis techniques. Data collection was obtained through a Likert scale questionnaire. The sample collection used a convenience sampling technique with a sample size of 106 respondents. The sample criteria in this study were Muslim university students throughout Indonesia aged 20-24 years. The results indicated that Perceived Usefulness and Religiosity have a positive influence on Intention to Use through Attitude towards Islamic Digital Banks. Meanwhile, Social Influence and Features have a direct and significant positive effect on Intention to Use on Islamic Digital Banks. Conclusion of this research suggest thatIslamic digital banks should actively coordinating with fatwa-making institutions to jointly declare that Islamic digital banks are not prohibited by Islam. Thus, the public will be more assured to use Islamic digital bank services, so that the number of customers will increase.

Sustainability has been a debatable topic for decades, which is why this study is conducted. Initially, sustainability was used as a corrective action and was directly related to the issue of climate change due to industrialization, so the idea of a sustainable and environmentally friendly business emerged. The effect of sustainability on the company's financial performance needs to be highlighted to prove whether sustainability activities generate competitive advantages and benefit the company or whether these activities are costly for the company. This study aims to analyze the effect of sustainability on a company's financial performance. We use Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores from Thomson Reuters Datastream to represent sustainability. The sample used in this research consists of manufacturing companies throughout ASEAN-5 countries from 2016-2020. The result revealed a significant negative effect of ESG on financial performance if ROE and OPM measure it. Environmental alone does not significantly impact financial performance, social has a significant negative effect on ROA, ROE, and OPM, and governance has a negative impact on ROA.

The broker code closure policy in running trades carried out by the Indonesia Stock Exchange on December 6, 2021, aims to overcome herding behavior and make better price spreads in the Indonesian capital market. This study aims to determine the policy's success by examining the existence of herding behavior before and after the broker code closure policy is enforced using the Cross-Sectional Absolute Deviation method and by looking at price volatility during the research period. Based on the research that has been carried out, it is known that there is a herding behavior before the policy is implemented, and there is no herding behavior after the policy is enforced. This means that the broker code closure policy in running trades carried out by the Indonesia Stock Exchange has succeeded in overcoming the herding behavior contained in the Indonesian capital market but is still not effective in overcoming price spreads that occur in the Indonesian capital market because there is the market sentiment towards economic conditions that occur both nationally and globally.

Kontrak perniagaan francais adalah elemen penting menghubungkan keperluan di antara francaisor dan francaisi sepanjang kontrak berlangsung. Kedua-dua peranan tersebut perlu menyatakan persetujuan ke atas kontrak ditawarkan sebelum perniagaan mula beroperasi. Kontrak yang ditawarkan mengandungi terma khusus yang menfokuskan kepada bentuk operasi perniagaan dan matlamat yang mahu dicapai. Persetujuan mematuhi setiap terma dalam kontrak dituntut supaya kemungkiran dalam mendirikan kontrak dapat diatasi. Walaubagaimanapun, terdapat isu dalam kontrak francais yang belum menemui cara penyelesaian dan ia berlarutan kepada tempoh masa yang lama untuk diselesaikan. Ia memberi impak kepada prestasi operasi perniagaan dan hubungan kedua-dua peranan. Oleh itu, kajian ini meninjau langkah penyelesaian kepada isu tersebut berdasarkan kaedah fiqh tertentudalam pembentukan parameter kontrak perniagaan francais dobi layan diri. Para fuqaha’ begitu meneliti menghasilkan kaedah fiqh menerusi kefahaman daripada sumber hukum utama Islam agar ia dijadikan rujukan dalam keperluan sejagat. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif untuk mencapai objektif kajian dengan melibatkan kaedah perpustakaan dan temubual bersama pakar. Hasil kajian mendapati kaedah fiqh yang disandarkan bersesuaian untuk dicadangkan dalam pembentukan parameter pelaksanaan kontrak dan menyelesaikan isu dalam perniagaan ini dengan segera. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar penghayatan kaedah fiqh dapat diperluaskan dalam kebanyakan kontrak perniagaan bagi memastikan matlamat operasi perniagaan dapat dicapai sepenuhnya

This study aims to understand the trends of scientific publications related to takaful in the world and to show how authors, institutions, and countries interact with each other in those studies in the field of takaful or Islamic insurance. This study is a quantitative research that employs bibliometric analysis. A time limit was set to examine the current data and the results between the years 2000 to 2023. The journals and articles are acquired from the Scopus scientific database. Overall, there are 321 articles related to the field of takaful were retrieved. This study perceived several variables, including authorship patterns, number of articles published, research approach, geographical affiliation, and subject area. The contribution of this study illustrates that most of the previous studies discussed economic and social development, which are positively influenced by the importance of takaful worldwide. This study finds that the number of takaful literature has increased significantly and consistently over the last 23 years. While there is a positive direction for future research related to takaful areas, however, there is no article produced in the scientific database touching on agriculture takaful. Thus, this will open a vast opportunity for future scientific research collaboration and publications in agriculture takaful. This study also found that Malaysia, Pakistan, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and United Kingdom have become the five countries that have played a major role in creating collaborative takaful research. The findings of this study provide important implications for improving the practice of takaful globally.

Malaysia practises high level economic openness which makes it an interesting avenue to study currency exposure. Based on this, this paper comparatively examines the relationship between currency exposure and stock returns among non-financial multinationals corporations in Malaysia by utilising the OLS and Granger causality tests. These tests were run using data from 207 non-financial Malaysian under two financial crises namely the Asian financial crisis (AFC) and global financial crisis (GFC) in 1997 and 2008, respectively. The distinct foundations of these crises are believed to induce varying levels of currency exposure and different nexus between currency exposure and stock returns of the selected multinationals. The firm-level OLS estimation found that higher number of firms’ stock returns were affected by currency exposure compared to the composition of significantly affected firm in Granger causality estimation (regardless of the causal directions). Still, the significant relationship and bilateral causality under both estimations were comparatively higher during the AFC. With this, the findings answer the elemental questions of the paper that dictate different market foundations during AFC and GFC, as well as providing evidences on the potential varying significant levels when bilateral causality is considered (Granger causality) compared to unidirectional relationship (OLS). The detailed analyses may guide future researcher to conduct the study of currency exposure by approaching different direction of causal relationship between currency exposure and stock re and market conditions.

Conflict often occurs in human life. Conflict can make a person improve quality or vice versa, namely unproductive. Preventive efforts that can be taken so that conflict becomes productive are by improving conflict management skills in elementary / madrasah ibtidaiyah children. This paper will examine strategies in improving conflict management skills. Conflict management belongs to a process-oriented approach that directs the form of communication (including behavior) of actors and outsiders and how they influence interests and interpretations. Conflict management is a strategy to control conflict in order to produce the desired resolution and social peace. Strategies that elementary school teachers can use in increasing children's productivity in conflict management are providing students with an understanding of conflict management styles including the turtle (withdrawing), the shark (forcing), the teddy bear (smoothing), the fox (compromising), the owl (accommodating) and simulating the owl so that children have experience of productive conflict management. Project-based learning is one of the learning models that can be utilized in teaching conflict management to elementary school students in a fun and effective way

One of the most popular forms of interactive computing is social media, which involves technology that allows peopleto communicate and exchange information. Being able to communicate easily and getting to know more about aparticular person has become easier nowadays. However, this can also be taken to another level where stalking becomes easier to be done by or for users. In Malaysia, the highest percentage of social media users are teenagers from 15 to 19 years old. This research will focus on how teenagers are more prone to develop cyberstalking tendencies and if they are aware of the line of privacy on social media. The method that the researcher used to conduct this research was in-depth interview to collect data. Twenty social media users were selected to be interviewed by the researcher and the respondents were interviewed with the questions that have been prepared. All the data and information was transcribed (verbatim) and thematic data analysis was used to sort out all the data and information. In particular, the findings highlight the truth behind the development of cyberstalking among teenagers due to the influence of social media.

Previous study stated that both children and parentsable commence deliberate behaviour and naturally adopt ways to affect the other's behaviour. They could assess their own behaviours and comprehend the information sent throughout the interaction. Parents of disabled children who suffer inadequate well-being unknowingly display negative parenting skills, making it difficult to help children with disabilitiesreach their full potential. When it comes to parenting, parents are alwayspreoccupied. However, raising childrenwith disabilitiesis a huge endeavourthat has physical, psychological, and mental concerns for parents. To manage with their children's impairments, which are characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms, parents frequently sacrifice their time, energy, and financial resources. In comparison to other disabilities, parents of children with autism spectrum disorder consistently reported greater levels of parental stress. The present models, however, are limited as indicators for assessing the well-being among parents of children with impairments. As a result, the goal of this research is to determine the level of material well-being and investigate the elements that influence it. In total, 230 Malaysian parents of childrenwith disabilitiestook part in the study. To assess the research constructs and the structural model, smart partial least square (PLS) was used. The findings revealed that all the study hypotheses were supported, and the effect of the components inside the respondents' environment was confirmed.The results of this study showedthat parents' financial attitudes, awareness of disabilities, and government support had a positive and significant impact on their children's material well-being. The study's anticipated outcome will help the government in developing plans to improve advanced and contemporary services for parents of childrenwith disabilities.

Along with the increasing Muslim population in Indonesia, the greater opportunity to develop Islamic social entrepreneurship. This research was conducted to find out the factors that influence the intention of Islamic social entrepreneurship in Indonesian Muslim communities through observing the effect of prior experience, empathy, moral obligation, self-efficacy, and perceived social support on social entrepreneurial intentions based on Islamic principles. We processed the data using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) method in Smart PLS 4.0 which the data was collected using a self-administrated questionnaire. The results showed that prior experience, moral obligation, self-efficacy, and perceived social support has a significantly positive effect towards the intention of social Islamic entrepreneurial intentions in Indonesian Muslim communities and thus this result can be applied as a reference for policy makers or academics to increasing Islamic entrepreneurial activity and promote Islamic entrepreneurial intentions in society.

As revealed by Malaysia’s bankruptcy statistics between 2019 until May 2023 , around 11.05% of bankruptcy in Malaysia is due to default of vehicle loan. This has led to the tightening up of vehicle loan underwriting and increased vehicle loan rejection rates. This paper attempts to solve this problem by proposing an Islamic contract transfer of debt; al-Hawalah as an alternative to reduce the number of defaulters in Islamic car financing. This study is an exploratory research using content analysis from the secondary data by observing on two aspects: car financing insolvency data and the Hawalah contract. In fiqh muamalat, ḥawālah refers to the transfer of financial liability from one debtor to another that would free the initial debtor from any debt (Kureshi and Hayat, 2014). This study is expected to come out with a Hawalah model for car financing settlement in Islamic bank.

Muslim-friendly destination has become popular tourist attractions, providing visitors with the opportunity to explore the unique aspects of Islam. This growing interest presents an opportunity for industry players to shift the trend of tourism offerings. In this regard, homestay programme has the potential to become Muslim-friendly destinations for tourists. However, it is essential to determine to what extent Shariah-compliant practices should guide homestay operators in providing Muslim-friendly destinations. Hence, the objectiveof this study isto investigate the criteria that need to be considered to ensure Shariah compliance. Qualitative research techniques, such as in-depth interviews with coordinatorsof selected homestay programmes will be used to achieve the study objective. The results of thisinterview will be analysedusing thematic analysis techniques. The outcome of this study will serve as a benchmark for industry stakeholders in developing strategies for homestay programme development. Moreover, the criteria developed in this research will offer a shariah-compliant guide for promoting Muslim-friendly destinations in Malaysia. This is in line with the National Tourism Policy’s (DPN 2020-2030) objectives of achieving competitiveness, sustainability, inclusivity, and global recognition as a Muslim-friendly destination.

Islamic banking should expand its scope beyond commercial banking and actively contribute to all levels of the community by offering products and services, utilizing effective distribution channels, and engaging in sustainable activities. Although Islamic banks are evaluated based on financial performance, there is a notable absence of a mechanism to assess their social impact on society. Presently, social themes related to Islamic banking are scattered across various sustainability agendassuch as SDG, ESG, SRI, and CSR. This paper aims to develop an integrative framework that addresses and reconciles the fragmented aspects of Islamic social banking in line with the principles of Maqasid Shariah. This study employeda qualitative method whichwas conducted in twophases. In the first phase, content analysis wasutilized to construct social themes under SDG, ESG, SRI, CSR, and Maqasid Shariah. In the subsequent phase,semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain input fortheframeworkdevelopment. The integrated framework incorporates five(5)dimensions of Maqasid Shariah with corresponding thirteen (13)themes to measure Islamic banking practices. This framework has the potential to serve as a significant contributor to the development of comprehensive performance indicators for the effective implementation of social banking within the Islamic banking sector. Moreover, it plays a pivotal role in realizing the objectives outlined in Malaysia's Shared Prosperity Vision 2030.

The transfer of information from one single device to another has been more secure in recent years through to the development of quantum communication technology (QCT) in a variety of technological uses. Preparing for this new, emerging sector is important since information communication technology (ICT) in the future will certainly depend on QCT, which is built on quantum physics laws to secure the transfer of information. Future quantum technology will not only optimize computers and the internet but also change the way we communicate. This study discusses the importance and impact of QCT in the context of national security, framework, and policy. Furthermore, this paper also discusses the latest research trends of QCT in several countries including the United States, Canada, and China that Malaysia can learn from. In addition to that, this paper traces the development of QCT policy in other countries along with the existing development of security policy and framework in Malaysia. Finally, this paper discusses the importance of QCT with recommendations.

Muslim friendly tourism is a tourism segment that adheres to the religious needs of Muslimtourists. It includes a wide range of services and facilities including transportation, restaurants, entertainment, and accommodations that designed for and directed at Muslims. Malaysia is one of the fastest growing countries in the Muslim friendly tourism industry sector, holding a sizeable market share. As sustainable tourism has emerged as the way forward for Muslim friendly tourism,specific sustainability indicators should be developed to be used in planning and decision-making of Muslim friendly tourism related matters. Yet, the majority of the existing sustainability indicators reflect other tourism niche such as ecotourism, small tourism enterprises, adventure tourism destinations, festival tourism, and ecological resort. Malaysia’s tourism industry contributed 12.8% to the gross domestic product (GDP) in 2021 and contributed 23.4% to the total employment. Hence, sustaining Muslim friendly tourism as a niche tourism segment is one of the country’s priorities. This study is on-going aims to develop sustainability indicators for Muslim friendly tourism in Malaysia. For this purpose, stage 1 of this research aims to identify sustainability indicators for Muslim friendly tourism and stage 2 aims to evaluate the relative importance of the indicators identified. Findings of this study is in line with the National Tourism Policy (2020-2030), which aiming to ensure the continuity of the country’s tourism industry and will support the Malaysian government specifically Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture (MOTAC) towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 on “decent work and economic growth” as tourism has the potential to contribute, directly or indirectly, to this goal.

Ledakan teknologi komunikasi dan maklumat pada hari ini membuka platform kepada golongan muda terutama pengundi muda (Undi18) untuk mendapat akses maklumat politik. Hal ini mendorong kepada pelaksanaan polisi penurunan had umur mengundi daripada 21 tahun kepada 18 tahun di Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini untuk mengkaji tahap kemahiran literasi media dan tahap kesediaan penyertaan politik dalam kalangan pengundi muda di Malaysia. Kaedah survei digunakan ke atas 547 responden dalam kalangan pengundi muda (18-26 tahun) di Malaysia. Soal selidik telah melalui proses kesahan pakar dan kesahan bersemuka yang menjadikan nilai Alpha Cronbach bagi setiap item adalah melebihi 0.07 yang membawa maksud mempunyai aras kesahan yang baik. Pekali alfa untuk semua item ialah 0.95. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap kemahiran literasi media dalam kalangan pengundi muda adalah sederhana (min=3.93) dan tahap kesediaan penyertaan politik dalam kalangan pengundi muda adalah rendah (min=2.56). Namun, responden dilaporkan mempunyai tahap pengetahuan politik yang tinggi dan menjadikan media sosial merupakan platform popular untuk mendapatkan maklumat politik. Kajian ini melaporkan ibu bapa, sekolah serta media sosial merupakan agen yang mempengaruhi minat politik. Kajian ini membawa implikasi sosial bahawa Kerajaan perlu mempergiat kempen kemahiran literasi media di peringkat sekolah hingga ke Institusi Pengajian Tinggi. Kepentingan kemahiran literasi media meningkatkan tahap kesediaan penyertaan politik dalam kalangan pengundi muda. Kajian ini turut membantu negara mencapai matlamat dasar Wawasan Kemakmuran Bersama 2030 di bawah Teras 5, iaitu Transformasi Modal Insan melalui Program Pembangunan Literasi Media dan Politik bagi melahirkan pemimpin berintegriti dalam kalangan golongan muda.

The consumption of Halal cosmetics products has experienced significant growth in recent years. The State of the Global Islamic Economy Report (2022) reported that the global market size of Halal cosmetics is estimated to reach US$93 billion in 2025 at a 4-year CAGR of 7.4%. This empirical study attempts to examine the determinant factors of purchasing behavior of Muslim Millennials and Gen Z in Malaysia towards Halal cosmetics behaviors in the expansion of the Halal economy. In addition, it also seeks to unearth whether faith acts as the mediating variable between determinants of purchasing behavior of Halal cosmetics amongst Malaysian Muslims. The determinants of purchasing behavior(product, price, place, promotion, and people) were examined in this study. Data were collected from 303 Malaysians through a questionnaire used to test the proposed model drawn from the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that three marketing stimuli variables of price, product, and promotion affect the faith and purchasing behavior of Halal cosmetic products, that faith mediates the relationship between price, product, and promotion and purchasing behavior of Halal cosmetic consumers. Results indicated that price, product, and promotion are considered as complementary mediation and that price is “direct-only non-mediation” in Gen Z, but “no-effect non-mediation” in Gen X and Millennials. The outcome of this research will not only advance theoretical knowledge but also provide practical implications to industry players involved in Halal cosmetics industry.