Conceptual Model Of Communication Politeness Based On Quranic Rhetoric And Pshycology

The concept of communication politeness in Islam can be referred through the discussion contained in the Quran (al-Khatib, 2012). The Qur'an contains rhetorical verses that illustrate the beauty of communication between people in accordance with the purpose to educate noble character. The ethics of communication are found in several surahs in the Quran. First, the qaulan sadida (QS.4 an-Nisa': 9) which speak words of appropriate justice, valid, and precise. Second, qaulan ma'rufa (QS.4 an-Nisa': 8) which suggests that humans communicate with language that does not touch the soul and feelings of the audience. Third, Qawlan baligha (QS.4 al-Nisa': 63) which emphasizes that information disseminated to the community can have a profound impact on their souls. Next is the qaulan maisura (QS.17: al-Isra': 28) which warns humans that the information disseminated must be understandable according to the level of capability of the listeners. Fifth, qaulan karima (QS.17: al-Isra': 23) which explains that the language and words expressed must have good and noble values. This paper explores the beauty of rhetorical language style in communication-themed verses in the Quran and brings new models with the addition of several new elements. The methodology of the study is qualitative by analyzing Quranic verses related to the theme of communication impressions as well as tafsir and Arabic rhetorical books, journal articles and other related sources. The study finds that the ethics and practices of polite communication in the Quran contain rhetorical elements. In addition to the qaulan verses mentioned above, the aspect of tone of voice, the use of the best and appropriate language as well as the technique of repetition are very important rhetorical elements in the communication process. This can be described as a guidance of strategies and methods in the characteristics of effective communication.