Criminal Liability of Automobile Manufacturers for Traffic Accidents in Iraq: An Overview

<jats:p>It is common for many injured individuals to file lawsuits against the automobile industry based on civil liability when a traffic accident occurs due to a defect. However, in this article, we examine the role of criminal liability in providing an effective deterrent to uphold legal standards, ensure consumer protection, and promote accountability. Navigating manufacturer liability within Iraq’s evolving legal and regulatory landscape—shaped by decades of economic and political reform—requires balancing outdated laws with newer policies and enforcement mechanisms in a transitional economy. This study employs a narrative synthesis of the literature, a qualitative method used to summarize and explain existing research on a particular topic. However, research on the subject may be limited, or researchers may have a specific focus on certain aspects of the literature. Key findings suggest that corporate accountability can be ensured by implementing strong laws and regulations effectively. This study's contribution is acknowledging the gaps in Iraq's legal system governing criminal liability for automobile producers, and providing empirical recommendations for legislative reform and policy development in furtherance of consumer safety and legal accountability. Successful reform requires stronger legal protections, improved regulatory enforcement, and increased consumer advocacy.</jats:p>