Non Pharmaceutical Strategies For Containing Infectious Diseases In Pilgrims

Hajj is one of the largest religious mass gatherings in the world that occurs once a year. Whereas umrah is a smaller scale gathering that occurs all-year round. Mass gatherings in Hajj and Umrah present unique challenges to both the host and travellers’ countries. Transmission of communicable diseases, primarily, airborne agents are facilitated by the nature of the hajj which includes long stay at holy sites, fatigue, high temperature and cramped accommodation. While mandatory meningococcal vaccination has proven highly effective in curtailing such diseases among pilgrims, a spectrum of other infectious threats persists. This article endeavours to shed light on existing infection control protocols while offering forward-looking recommendations to further fortify infectious diseases management. By diligently addressing these concerns, we can ensure the health and well-being of pilgrims, safeguarding these sacred journeys for generations to come.