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Psychological status and its clinical determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Northern Peninsular Malaysia

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dc.contributor.authorRadzniwan, Ren_US
dc.contributor.authorAlyani, Men_US
dc.contributor.authorAida, Jen_US
dc.contributor.authorKhairani, Oen_US
dc.contributor.authorJaafar, NRNen_US
dc.contributor.authorTohid, Hen_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-29T02:52:47Z
dc.date.available2024-05-29T02:52:47Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractAim: To determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress, and its associated sociodemographic and clinical factors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Background: The number of PLWHA with a near-normal life expectancy has been increasing. This has led them to face various challenges living with the disease, exposing them to multiple psychological problems. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at an HIV clinic in a government hospital in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 206 PLWHA were recruited using systematic random sampling. Sociodemographic factors and presence of negative emotional states were recorded using a self-administered questionnaire comprising the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21). Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress were 36.9%, 45.1% and 26.7% respectively. The majority had moderate to extremely severe symptoms of depression (71.1%), anxiety (88.2%), and stress (72.27%). After controlling for cofounders using multiple logistic regression, those with a co-morbidity had 3.02 times the odds of having depression compared to those without co-morbidity (p = 0.01). The non-Malays had 53% less chance to experience anxiety compared to Malays (p = 0.01). Those with lower monthly household income were more likely to experience stress than those with higher income, the worst was among participants with income of <RM1000 (<USD320) per month (p = 0.02, OR 5.59). Conclusion: Negative emotional states with significant severity were common among PLWH, in particularly depression and anxiety. Thus, these psychological problems should be screened regularly especially among those with co-morbidities and financial constraint to allow provision of adequate emotional and social support. (C) 2016 Polish AIDS Research Society. Published by Elsevier Sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.hivar.2016.11.002
dc.identifier.epage146
dc.identifier.isbn1732-2707
dc.identifier.issn1730-1270
dc.identifier.issue4
dc.identifier.scopusWOS:000390232400003
dc.identifier.spage141
dc.identifier.urihttps://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/11336
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherTermedia Publishing House Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofHIV & AIDS Review
dc.sourceWeb Of Science (ISI)
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.subjectDepressionen_US
dc.subjectAnxietyen_US
dc.subjectStressen_US
dc.subjectFactorsen_US
dc.titlePsychological status and its clinical determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Northern Peninsular Malaysia
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication

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