Antibacterial Activity of Bioactive Compound in Salvadora persica (Chewing Stick) Against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

This study aims to determine the phytochemical properties of Salvadora persica extracts and their
antibacterial activities against Gram-negative oral anaerobes which are responsible of periodontitis
such as Porphorymonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Aqueous and
ethanolic extracts were prepared using the root powdered stem of S. persica. The phytochemical
compounds were determined with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activities were assessed according
to the levels of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration
(MBC). The S. persica ethanolic and aqueous extracts contained antibacterial compounds such as
Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid and Pentadecanoic acid, 2,6,10,14-tetramethyl-,
methylester, 1-(2,2-Dimethylpropanoyl)-L-prolyl-L-prolyl-N,2-dimethylalaninamide and 2-({4-
[(Difluoromethyl)sulfanyl]phenyl} amino) benzoic acid, respectively. Both P. gingivalis (0.025 mg/mL)
and A. actinomycetemcomitans (0.125 mg/mL) were susceptible to S. persica ethanolic extract.
Ethanolic extract preparation has equal antibacterial activity with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate
solution (p<0.05). Ethanolic extract (0.025-0.125 mg/mL) preparation has comparable require
biocompatible testing