التغيرات الترجمية في رواية "الأستاذ" المترجمة من اللغة الملايوية إلى اللغة العربية في ضوء نظريتي كاتفورد ومنى بيكر

Translation shift is essential in the translation process to ensure that the translation result is equivalent to the original work. It can preserve the quality of meaning which the original author tends to convey and the impact of the source text can be felt by readers of the target text. It is undeniable that the translation of literary texts from Malay to Arabic is very challenging due to the difficulty of obtaining appropriate translation techniques. This is due to the differences in grammatical functions and systems between the two languages. This study aims to identify the most often occurred type of translation shift according to Catford (1965) and Mona Baker (1992) frameworks in the novel of Ustaz by S. Othman Kelantan (1991) which was translated into Arabic by Sultan Ahmad bin Abdur Rahman and Mujahid Mustafa Bahjat (2010) as well as to study the factors that lead to this translation shift and the impacts of translation shift on the novel Ustaz in Arabic version. In this study, the researcher employed the theory of category translation shift founded by Catford which is divided into four types of shifts namely structural shift, class shift, unit shift and intra-system shift, as well as Mona Baker’s shift theory known as grammatical shift. This study is a descriptive qualitative research using content analysis method based on an interactive data analysis model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2013). The findings indicated that 377 shifts were identified in 96 dialogues. All types of translation shift were employed in the novel and the most often occurred type of category translation shift is class shift. The factors that lead to these shifts are the differences of linguistic structure between the source language and the target language as well as the translator’s choice of achieving equivalence in translation according to the context of the text. The researcher found that the impact of translation shifts on the translated novel is addition and omission which are adding information in the target text and deleting information specified in the source text.