Publication:
The Cost and Quality of Life of Malaysian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Anemia

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dc.citedby2
dc.contributor.affiliationsFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
dc.contributor.affiliationsVeras Research
dc.contributor.affiliationsUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
dc.contributor.affiliationsUniversiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM)
dc.contributor.authorAzmi S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGoh A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMuhammad N.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTohid H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRashid M.R.A.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-28T08:24:30Z
dc.date.available2024-05-28T08:24:30Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractBackground Anemia is common among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and an independent risk factor for renal disease progression. Health economic evidence is important in Malaysia and yet cost and quality-of-life (QOL) data are scarce. Objectives To investigate prevalence, factors associated with anemia, and cost and QOL among T2DM patients with CKD. Here, we present the estimated 1-year cost and QOL related to anemia in this group. Methods A cross-sectional, observational study was performed at 20 government clinics. Treatment cost was calculated on the basis of resource utilization ascertained through data extracted from medical records and patient recall. QOL was elicited using the short form 36 health survey version 2 questionnaire. Propensity score matching was performed and costs and QOL were analyzed by anemia status and CKD stage. Results Data for 816 patients were obtained. The propensity score matching enabled a comparison of 257 patients with and without anemia. Annual treatment costs were significantly higher for patients with anemia (Ringgit Malaysia [RM] 4219 [US $983] vs. RM2705 [US $630]; P = 0.01). QOL scores were lower for patients with anemia but not statistically significant (physical component summary score: 44.8 vs. 46.2; P = 0.052; mental component summary score: 51.3 vs. 51.7; P = 0.562). Costs were higher and QOL lower among CKD stage 5 patients. Conclusions This study was the first to examine anemia in this group of patients. Costs were significantly higher among anemic patients compared with nonanemic patients; patients with higher CKD stage 5 fared less well than did those in lower stages. This information suggests the need to increase detection, prevention, and early treatment of anemia when managing T2DM patients, particularly those with CKD. � 2017en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.vhri.2017.06.002
dc.identifier.epage49
dc.identifier.issn22121099
dc.identifier.pmid29474177
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85026741062
dc.identifier.spage42
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85026741062&doi=10.1016%2fj.vhri.2017.06.002&partnerID=40&md5=97ad5d7f0319182ee91e95d6933d4821
dc.identifier.urihttps://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/8498
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherElsevier Inc.en_US
dc.relation.ispartofValue in Health Regional Issues
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectanemiaen_US
dc.subjectchronic kidney diseaseen_US
dc.subjectcosten_US
dc.subjectquality of lifeen_US
dc.subjecttype 2 diabetes mellitusen_US
dc.titleThe Cost and Quality of Life of Malaysian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Anemiaen_US
dc.title.alternativeValue Health Reg. Issuesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication

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