An Overview of Thermal Conductivity of Deep Eutectic Solvent Enhanced by Nanoparticles

The need for high-efficiency heat transfer fluids has grown due to the limitations of traditional working fluids such as water, ethylene glycol, and mineral oil that possess very low thermal conductivity, high vapor pressure, corrosion issues and low thermal stability. As a result, deep eutectic solvents (DESs), a novel class of base fluid with unique solvent features such as low vapour pressure, high thermal stability, biodegradability, and non-flammability, become a possible replacement for traditional base fluid. In this review paper, the differences in thermal conductivity of systems containing DES with various nanoparticles are explored. The paper examines how factors such as nanoparticle concentration, size, and dispersion methods affect the overall thermal performance. Additionally, comparative analysis between DES-based nanofluids and traditional base fluids is provided, highlighting the advantages and challenges associated with DES.