Employee Turnover: Diversity Of Predictors, Consequences And Retention Variables In Different Continents

This study aims to review the predictors, consequences and retention variables of turnover, providing a batch of alternative and suitable variables for future research and empirical, conceptual models categorized based on different continents. This is a narrative literature review conducted on the indexed and empirical papers with results published since 2023 to present about turnover. The research findings stated that several factors predict employee turnover; other variables reflect the turnover of each employee, team, organization, and economy, and certain variables also contribute to achieving retention strategies. Additionally, the researcher confirmed the previous findings that either predictors, consequences or retention of employee turnover and clarified the difference of turnover variables from one country to another and from one individual to another. This research contributes to the body of employee turnover knowledge in the continents, enriches variables on the table for policy and decision-makers, provides clear perceptions about the varied cultural base in the world, and provides a variety of variables to be examined in future research accordingly.