A Theoretical Comparative Analysis Of Dna Techniques Used In Dna Based Cryptography

Cryptography has been extensively employed in the information security field
for the purpose of providing security for confidential data. The field of cryptography has
recently considered a hybrid cryptographic implementation that combines conventional
cryptographic techniques with the knowledge of DNA technologies to formulate what
is known as DNA cryptography. DNA based cryptography is considered a branch of
sustainability science as it combines transdisciplinary structures from natural sciences
(biology) and technological sciences (information security). This paper discusses
the various biological DNA techniques that have been implemented in recent DNA
cryptographic algorithms. Among them are the Watson-Crick Complementary Rules, DNA
Encoding/Decoding Rules, DNA Operation Rules, the Triplet Codon DNA Code, DNA
Segmentation, DNA Hybridisation (DNA Annealing) and DNA Transcription and DNA
Replication from the Central Dogma Molecular Biology process. A description of the
algorithms and a theoretical comparative analysis of these DNA cryptographic algorithms
is also presented in this research paper. Comparisons have also been made based on the
following parameters: Conventional cryptographic techniques vis-a-vis the techniques used
by DNA cryptographic algorithms, the application of these algorithms, their limitations
and a security analysis to see how well DNA cryptography perform as against current
conventional cryptography.