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Hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris induced DNA damage and apoptosis

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dc.Chemicals/CASwater, 7732-18-5; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Plant Extracts; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Water, 7732-18-5
dc.citedby23
dc.contributor.affiliationsFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
dc.contributor.affiliationsUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
dc.contributor.affiliationsManagement and Science University (MSU)
dc.contributor.affiliationsUniversiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM)
dc.contributor.authorYusof Y.A.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSaad S.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMakpol S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorShamaan N.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNgah W.Z.W.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-28T08:27:36Z
dc.date.available2024-05-28T08:27:36Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of hot water extracts of Chlorella vulgaris on hepatoma cell line HepG2. INTRODUCTION: The search for food and spices that can induce apoptosis in cancer cells has been a major study interest in the last decade. Chlorella vulgaris, a unicellular green algae, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-cancer properties. However, its chemopreventive effects in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells have not been studied in great detail. METHODS: HepG2 liver cancer cells and WRL68 normal liver cells were treated with various concentrations (0-4 mg/ ml) of hot water extract of C. vulgaris after 24 hours incubation. Apoptosis rate was evaluated by TUNEL assay while DNA damage was assessed by Comet assay. Apoptosis proteins were evaluated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Chlorella vulgaris decreased the number of viable HepG2 cells in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05), with an IC50 of 1.6 mg/ml. DNA damage as measured by Comet assay was increased in HepG2 cells at all concentrations of Chlorella vulgaris tested. Evaluation of apoptosis by TUNEL assay showed that Chlorella vulgaris induced a higher apoptotic rate (70%) in HepG2 cells compared to normal liver cells, WRL68 (15%). Western blot analysis showed increased expression of pro- apoptotic proteins P53, Bax and caspase-3 in the HepG2 cells compared to normal liver cells WRL68, and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. CONCLUSIONS: Chlorella vulgaris may have anti-cancer effects by inducing apoptosis signaling cascades via an increased expression of P53, Bax and caspase-3 proteins and through a reduction of Bcl-2 protein, which subsequently lead to increased DNA damage and apoptosis. � 2010 CLINICS.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1590/S1807-59322010001200023
dc.identifier.epage1377
dc.identifier.issn18075932
dc.identifier.issue12
dc.identifier.pmid21340229
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-79951836639
dc.identifier.spage1371
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79951836639&doi=10.1590%2fS1807-59322010001200023&partnerID=40&md5=95e1cb98db01ce1bd536f52374251fa4
dc.identifier.urihttps://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/8807
dc.identifier.volume65
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.relation.ispartofClinicsen_US
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectApoptosisen_US
dc.subjectChemopreventiveen_US
dc.subjectChlorella vulgarisen_US
dc.subjectDNA damageen_US
dc.subjectHepG2en_US
dc.titleHot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris induced DNA damage and apoptosisen_US
dc.title.alternativeClinicsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication

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