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Identification of near-field and far-field using confocal microscopy setup for optical sensing applications

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dc.FundingDetailsMinistry of Higher Education, Malaysia,�MOHE Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia,�MOHE: USIM/FRGS/FST/32/51514 Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,�USIM
dc.FundingDetailsThe work was supported by Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) and Malaysia Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) under grant USIM/FRGS/FST/32/51514.
dc.contributor.affiliationsFaculty of Science and Technology
dc.contributor.affiliationsUniversiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM)
dc.contributor.affiliationsNational Metrology Institute of Malaysia (NMIM)
dc.contributor.authorMukhtar W.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZulkifli N.Z.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHalim R.M.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-29T02:00:56Z
dc.date.available2024-05-29T02:00:56Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionASM Sc. J., 12, 2019en_US
dc.description.abstractThe presence of near-field indicates the existence of evanescent waves, which is one of the important requirements for the development of an optical sensor. This study was carried out to identify the presence of near-field and far-field as monochromatic light propagated through various structures and sizes of apertures. The confocal microscopy setup consisted of He-Ne laser with 633nm of excitation wavelength, apertures (slits and numerous sizes of pinholes), objective lens, projected screen and silicon photodetector. The near-field and far-field were determined by calculating the Fresnel number, FN as assorted size and design of apertures were added in the setup. The presence of far-field was identified with the usage of slits (single slits and double slits) represented by the value of FN, which was less than 1(FN?1). As the aperture was replaced with pinholes with diameters within 30?m and 1.2mm, the near-field was resulted (FN?1). Value of FN became greater as distance x between lens and pinholes increased. We also discovered a significant finding where the field intensities I were decreased with increment of distance x for the near-field, and vice versa (far-field). By using an extrapolating technique, it was found that the near-field can be created by using pinhole with a diameter of a < 1.46mm. In conclusion, the discovery of this work proves an excellence role of pinholes in confocal microscopy setup in creating the evanescent waves for optical sensing applications. � 2019 Akademi Sains Malaysia.en_US
dc.description.natureFinalen_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2019.276
dc.identifier.issn18236782
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85072209603
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85072209603&doi=10.32802%2fasmscj.2019.276&partnerID=40&md5=bb75a578f5c236b60508ac985668bd3c
dc.identifier.urihttps://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/10145
dc.identifier.volume12
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.pagecount8
dc.publisherAkademi Sains Malaysiaen_US
dc.relation.ispartofASM Science Journalen_US
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectEvanescent waveen_US
dc.subjectFar-fielden_US
dc.subjectFresnel numberen_US
dc.subjectNear-fielden_US
dc.subjectPinholesen_US
dc.titleIdentification of near-field and far-field using confocal microscopy setup for optical sensing applicationsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication

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