تقنيات ترجمة رواية كليلة ودمنة إلى اللغة الملايوية في ضوء نظريّة التكييف لنايدا

The importance of preserving the meaning of the source text and producing an appropriate translation in the target language is particularly relevant in translating classical literature from Arabic to Malay. In the process of translating classic literary works, especially from different cultures and language structures, an equivalence of meaning is important to ensure that the message and cultural values of the original text can be retained and well understood by the target language readers. The use of adjustments techniques, including additions, subtraction, and alteration, is a key step in achieving an accurate match of meaning in dealing with the linguistic and cultural challenges that arise in the translation process. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the translation method used in the novel Kalila wa Dimnah according to Nida's theory (1964). In addition, this study also identifies the factors that cause adaptation, and the effects of the adaptation techniques. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method and adopted content analysis method to study the research material. The results of the study show that translators use addition techniques more often than amendments and reductions. In addition, there are several factors that cause such adjustments such as structural differences, clarifying ambiguity in sentences, and avoiding repetition. In addition, the study also found that there are some effects from the adjustments such as, the translation becomes more accurate and provides readability to the target reader. However, there are also some adjustments that lead to inaccuracies and undertranslation in transferring the original meaning of the novel.