Nurul Syala Abdul Latip [Supervisor]Siti Mazlina Binti Zarmani2024-11-252024-11-252024-10Siti Mazlina Binti Zarmani. (2024). Contextual Integration in Urban Campus Design Towards the Development of a Design Framework [Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia]. USIM Research Repository.https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/25199Matric: 4182512 (FKAB)The design and spatial configuration of campuses are important in allowing the contextual integration between campuses and cities. Such integration allows the campus to meet current needs and demands by sharing facilities with larger communities. However, design approaches to campus physical development tend to prioritize ‘exclusivity’ intended to promote a safer campus environment. These designs have faced criticism that universities in the 21st century should be physically integrated with adjacent contexts to develop closer relationships with surrounding communities, particularly in urban contexts. Campus layout, buildings and landscape are perceived as the main physical characteristics of campus design. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate these physical characteristics through a contextual design approach to ensure the campus is more visible and inviting to the surrounding communities while simultaneously maintaining a safe environment. Using a combination of Symbiosis Theory and Integrative Theory of Urban Design, this research is to answer why the physical design characteristics of Malaysian campuses are non-contextual integration with its surroundings. The aim is to establish the reasons for non-contextual integration from the perspective of universities towards developing a design framework for contextual integration between Malaysian campuses and its surroundings. Twenty Malaysian Public Universities (MPUs) were evaluated to develop a campus-city typology. It was discovered that eighteen MPUs were classified as ‘contain’ typology of gated campuses within the city context. Using the qualitative method of multiple case studies, three MPUs with different integration opportunities were chosen to represent this typology. Visual surveys, field observations for activity, semi-structured interviews, document reviews and structured interviews with experts were the techniques used for data collection. The data were analyzed using morphological analysis, content analysis and thematic analysis. The results indicate that the design of MPUs prioritized campus territoriality and fences along campus borders, resulting in a disregard for the external context, particularly at the zone of the integration-interface on campus edges. The primary reason for non-contextual integration relates to the university's intention to control access with concerns for safety. Physical development funding, university leadership and management and external constraints are other related reasons. It is important to prioritize good campus forms that respond to context and facilitate easy access in a legible environment. This also includes enhancing various activities and cultivating a comfortable environment to increase physical integration and ensure safety through natural surveillance. Providing ‘campus soft edges’ that serve as a transition from public to private spaces is a significant design approach for MPUs to allow unrestricted access for enhanced contextual integration. These findings contribute to filling in the gaps of the contextual approach in campus design and establish four levels of Contextual Integration Scales, (i) context of a single building in relation to its adjacent spaces, (ii) the context of groups of buildings in relation to the space connecting them, (iii) context of the entire campus masterplan, and ultimately (iv) context of the campus in relation to its adjacent sites. Accordingly, this research emphasizes the significance of contextual integration at different scales to achieve satisfactory physical integration between campuses and cities.en-USContextual integrationCampusCampus planningCollege facilities - PlanningEnvironment DesignUrban designIntegrative Theory of Urban DesignSymbiosis Theorytext::thesis::doctoral thesis