Fariza Puteh BehakNorhaili Massari2024-05-282024-05-282009https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/6236Religious beliefs, spirituality and coping by turning to God. All are a struggle both for us who counsel and those whom we counsel. Currently, there is little evidence that concepts of spirituality are consistently being integrated into counseling. This paper illustrates the importance of integrating spirituality into counseling in the context of Malaysia as well as issues and challenges that may be faced by counselors. Suggestions and recommendations is provided. It is hoped that such recommendations will help in maximizing the effectiveness of counseling and draw the attention to necessary changes to be implemented. One of the major concerns in the ESL classroom is the lack of critical responses/voice of the ESL learners. The \"missing voice\" brings a gap in the knowledge and language acquisition in the ESL classroom. Among the reasons that inhibit the students\' personal expressions are their lack of critical reflections/analyses and their inability to structure their ideas/opinions. This paper will show a technique that combines the use of print (a short story) and visual (a movie) text to generate Critical Thinking and how to use the texts as exemplification materials in the ESL classroom. This is based on the perception that fiction not only engages students and entices them to read, but also builds critical thinking and writing skills (Boyd, 2004). Nuraihan and Zamnah (2004) assert that the background, characters and their motives are among those that invite critical inquiry and interpretation. It is hoped that this paper is able to highlight the potentials of intertextuality to affect the students both at their intellectual and personal levels as to prompt the desired critical response and to later initiate critical analyses and reflections.Intertextuality; Critical Thinking; spirituality