Alya Fatihah binti ShahruAriq Iqbal bin Mohd RazifNyna Farhanna binti NormanshallyFadzidah binti Mohd Idris2024-05-302024-05-302022-02-16https://geniusinsan.usim.edu.my/e-proceeding/https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/164452nd Insan Junior Researchers International Conference 2021 (iJURECON 2021) “STREAM for a Better Life” 15-17th October 2021 Organized By :Kolej GENIUS Insan of Universiti Sains Islam MalaysiaTrypanophobia -the fear of needles. According to studies, 20% of the population has a general fear of needles or injections, with 10% of this group suffering from extreme trypanophobia. To overcome this problem, scientists from all over the world have proposed the development of painless microneedle (MN) that mimics a mosquito bite and is designed to replace traditional hypodermic needles. These conventional hypodermic needles penetrate deep into the human skin because the needles are very large pin size, which can be challenging for point-of-care diagnostic procedures. This study aims to give a brief overview on the best quality and effective MN for transdermal drug delivery (TDD), materials used as well as improved manufacturing methods. Aspects discussed in this research include painless and ultrasharp MN, fabrication using biodegradable polymers, and cost-effective production. Hyaluronic acid based hollow MN possesses many of the traits stated above and can be fabricated using Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) or 3D Printers. It is expected that the structure, biocompatibility, and low cost of hyaluronic acid based hollow microneedle makes it highly attractive to be used for transdermal drug delivery (TDD) procedures in the medical field.en-UShollow microneedle, painless, transdermal drug delivery, biocompatibility, cost-effectiveArticle102104