Iqbal K.Odetayo M.James A.Salam R.A.Talib A.Z.Hj.2024-05-292024-05-29201097814200000001062922X10.1109/ICSMC.2010.56423112-s2.0-78751546025https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78751546025&doi=10.1109%2fICSMC.2010.5642311&partnerID=40&md5=39ddd33a20f7eee6aa18f72ba91a7873https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/9837Underwater images are affected by reduced contrast and non-uniform colour cast due to the absorption and scattering of light in the aquatic environment. This affects the quality and reliability of image processing and therefore colour correction is a necessary pre-processing stage. In this paper, we propose an Unsupervised Colour Correction Method (UCM) for underwater image enhancement. UCM is based on colour balancing, contrast correction of RGB colour model and contrast correction of HSI colour model. Firstly, the colour cast is reduced by equalizing the colour values. Secondly, an enhancement to a contrast correction method is applied to increase the Red colour by stretching red histogram towards the maximum (i.e., right side), similarly the Blue colour is reduced by stretching the blue histogram towards the minimum (i.e., left side). Thirdly, the Saturation and Intensity components of the HSI colour model have been applied for contrast correction to increase the true colour using Saturation and to address the illumination problem through Intensity. We compare our results with three well known methods, namely Gray World, White Patch and Histogram Equalisation using Adobe Photoshop. The proposed method has produced better results than the existing methods. �2010 IEEE.en-USColour balancingColour cast correctionContrast correctionImage enhancementAbsorption and scattering of lightAdobe PhotoshopAquatic environmentsColour balancingColour cast correctionColour modelsColour valueContrast correctionCorrection methodEqualisationExisting methodLow qualitiesNonuniformPre-processingRGB coloursUnderwater imageCyberneticsElectromagnetic wave attenuationGraphic methodsImage enhancementColorConference Paper170317095642311PICYE