Mohd Ifwat Mohd Ghazali ,Mohd Ifwat Mohd GhazaliSaranraj Karuppuswami ,Saranraj KaruppuswamiAmanpreet Kaur ,Amanpreet KaurPremjeet Chahal2024-05-282024-05-282017M. I. M. Ghazali, S. Karuppuswami, A. Kaur and P. Chahal, "3-D Printed Air Substrates for the Design and Fabrication of RF Components," in IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 982-989, June 2017, doi: 10.1109/TCPMT.2017.2686706.2156-39502345-7https://doi.org/10.1109/TCPMT.2017.2686706https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7898849https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/5450This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of radio frequency (RF) and microwave passive structures on an air substrate using additive manufacturing (3-D printing). The air substrate is realized by 3-D printing RF structures in two separate pieces and snapped together face to face using a LEGO-like process. Spacers printed on the periphery provide the desired air substrate thickness. Metal patterning on nonplanar printed plastic structures is carried out using a damascene-like process. Various RF structures such as low dispersion transmission line, T-line resonator, high-gain patch antenna, slot antenna, and cavity resonator are demonstrated using this process. Good performance is achieved; for example, measured 50-Ω transmission line shows low loss of 0.17 dB/cm at 4 GHz, and a patch antenna (center frequency of 4.5 GHz) shows gain and bandwidth of 7.6 dB and 0.2 GHz, respectively. Details of both measured and simulation results are presented.enArticle98298976