Tanah adat merupakan salah satu ciri utama dalam pewarisan harta mengikut adat perpatih yang memberikan amanah kepada kaum perempuan untuk mewarisi tanah adat. Namun, sejauh manakah pengamalan masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan ini terhadap tanah adat? Apakah isu-isu yang timbul sepanjang perlaksanaan adat ini? Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti tahap amalan masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan dalam pewarisan tanah adat dan perlaksanaan undang-undang tanah adat serta isu-isu yang berkaitan dengannya. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan kaedah survei yang melibatkan 525 orang sampel berdasarkan teknik prosedur pensampelan rawak mudah. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap amalan masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan berkaitan pewarisan tanah adat masih lagi tinggi disamping perlaksanaan undang-undang tanah adat yang terus berjalan sehingga kini . Namun, terdapat beberapa isu yang timbul di sepanjang perlaksanaan undang-undang ini. Masalah yang timbul berpunca sama ada daripada pihak pejabat tanah mahupun pengamal tanah adat itu sendiri. Implikasi kajian ini dapat meningkatkan kesedaran masyarakat terhadap tahap amalan serta isu-isu yang timbul berkaitan tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat. Kajian lanjutan boleh dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti kaedah yang terbaik untuk menangani masalah-masalah yang timbul agar amalan pewarisan tanah adat dan perlaksanaan undang-undang tanah adat boleh dijalankan dengan lebih berkesan.

Penjagaan paliatif ialah penjagaan secara holistik melibatkan aspek fizikal, spiritual, mental dan sosial kepada pesakit terminal atau pesakit tiada harapan sembuh seperti pesakit kanser, pesakit yang mengalami kegagalan buah pinggang dan lain-lain. Kajian ini membawa pendekatan Islam dalam konsep penjagaan pesakit tersebut. Artikel ini membincangkan analisis keperluan kajian reka bentuk dan pembangunan manual psikospiritual Islam dalam penjagaan paliatif dan elemen yang menjadi keperluan dalam penjagaan tersebut. Metodologi kajian menggunakan kaedah Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan (DDR) yang mempunyai tiga fasa utama dibangunkan oleh Richey dan Klein. Artikel ini memberi fokus kepada fasa pertama kajian iaitu analisis keperluan. Pendekatan kajian berbentuk kuantitatif yang menggunakan instrumen soal selidik kepada 210 orang responden. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 25 bagi memperolehi kadar kekerapan (ƒ) dan purata min (x̅) dalam dapatan kajian. Dapatan kajian mendapati majoriti yang terdiri daripada pengamal perubatan, penjaga, pesakit dan populasi awam bersetuju dengan pembinaan manual berasaskan psikospiritual Islam. Selain itu dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan heirarki elemen penekanan dalam manual bermula dengan elemen sokongan emosi dalam manual dengan kadar purata min (x̅) tertinggi, diikuti dengan penekanan kepercayaan kepada Tuhan, sokongan spiritual dan keagamaan, pengurusan diri dan fizikal, pengurusan trauma atau pengalaman lalu dan yang terakhir ialah sokongan dalam aktiviti bersosial. Kata kunci: keperluan, manual, psikospiritual, penjagaan, paliatif.

Maintenance and preservation of peace and prosperity are one of the contemporary challenges confronted by the world community. Among the most apparent threat to the maintenance of peace and prosperity is the rising of hatred discourse and hate speech. It commonly takes place when involving matters of categorising people according to religion, ethnic, gender and colour of skin. Legal rules are regarded as one of methods addressing the issue. This paper discusses a Malaysian legislation namely Sedition Act 1948 (Act 15) as of how it tackles the hatred discourse. It highlights and elaborates some laws prescribed in the Act particularly on the meaning of seditious tendency, punishments and arrest without warrant. The paper explains the legal effect of the law to the Malaysian community in combating the hate speech with reference made to some relevant cases. It expounds some controversial issues regarding the Act. The methodology used is by analysing certain laws prescribed in the Sedition Act 1948. The paper concludes with suggestion that even though the Sedition Act 1948 seems harsh and strict, but it can be an effective and effectual way in realising the sharing prosperity among the nations. Keywords: Malaysian Sedition Act 1948, seditious tendency, hatred discourse, peace and prosperity

The administrative contract, like the civil contract, generates contractual obligations on both sides without distinction between the administration and the contractor, which means that the breach of any of its contractual obligations, which varies according to the type of the contract, generates responsibility for the right of the contractor to obtain compensation for the damage suffered by him. Breach. Jurisprudence and judgments indicate that the administration may breach obligations of a technical nature or obligations of a financial nature, resulting in a breach of contractual error on the part of the administration, which may occur as soon as it breaches the execution of its obligations in the administrative contract deliberately or negligently, or by doing so without intent or negligence. Therefore, the study aims to discuss compensation when the administration fails to implement its contractual obligations of a technical nature. The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and the topic was discussed in four methods. The results showed that the Law of the Administrative Judiciary Court affirms the right of the contractor to claim compensation for damages caused in the field of the administrative contract, and that he also has the right to terminate his contract in the public interest, in addition to his right to require payment for the work performed. The contractor may also not be entitled to compensation for damage if there is a reason for exemption from compensation.

COVID-19 or Coronavirus 2019 is a contagious disease that is distressing the world today. It was first detected in mid-December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as a world pandemic. A total of 36 237 403 cases have been reported to the WHO (as of October 9, 2020) involving 1 054 868 deaths from various countries. While the number of cases in Malaysia is 14 722, with 152 deaths. Various initiatives have been and are being made by the Malaysian government in addressing the crisis including the Movement Control Order (MCO) and Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO). This paper discusses how drone technology has been used in assisting the Malaysian government to ease the burden of COVID-19 transmission. A special analysis is made to relevant Malaysian laws. The discussion begins with an explanation of the status of COVID-19 in Malaysia and some prevention methods that have been taken by the government. It then focuses on the role of drones in controlling the disease transmission. It provides some legal analysis regarding the use of drones in the context of restraining the spread of COVID-19 in the country. Lastly, it ends with some legal implications, recommendations and improvements. The methodology used is by analysing the Malaysian Civil Aviation Regulations 2016 and references are made to relevant news. This paper accomplishes that the use of drones in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic is a wise and judicious endeavour which can be further enhanced in Malaysia.

Sejak mutakhir ini, keperluan kepada perkembangan undang-undang angkasa lepas telah menjadi antara topik utama perbincangan di peringkat antarabangsa. Malah ianya dianggap satu usaha penting dalam memastikan undang-undang ini selari dengan perkembangan teknologi angkasa. Perkembangan ini umumnya didorong oleh beberapa faktor yang menyumbang kepada kesinambungannya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan faktor-faktor tersebut dan bagaimana ia menyumbang kepada perkembangan undang-undang angkasa antarabangsa. Ia berupa kajian perpustakaan yang menganalisis data-data dari sumber kajian yang berautoriti dalam bidang perundangan angkasa. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa perkembangan ini umumnya didorong oleh 3 faktor utama iaitu: (1) evolusi penulisan awal undang-undang angkasa lepas; (2) peranan dan penglibatan pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu; dan (3) institusi undang-undang angkasa lepas dan organisasi sosial. Perkembangan undang-undang angkasa lepas antarabangsa tidak akan mencapai tahap sekarang tanpa sumbangan daripada faktor-faktor ini. Perkembangan ini mestilah dipergiatkan lagi demi menghadapi pelbagai cabaran baru di masa hadapan.

Malaysian Space Board Act 2022 (Act 834) attained its Royal Assent on January 19, 2022, and was gazetted on January 25, 2022. It is a new and recent outer space legislation that was passed by the Malaysian Parliament. This Act is designed to regulate the Malaysian outer space activities that are carried out nationally or internationally. This paper discusses and explains the legal frameworks of the Malaysian Space Board Act 2022. They are: the establishment of the Malaysian Space Board, modes of authorization of space activities, registration of space object, liability and indemnification, prohibition of activities and offences, event of incident and accident, power of enforcement of public officers, and other relevant legal matters. The methodology used is by analysing the provisions stated in the Malaysian Space Board Act 2022. The paper concludes that the Act is a good space legislation, however certain matters need to be given consideration like the obligation of constant monitoring and supervision of space activities, and also the liability insurance clause.

The involvement of Malaysia in outer space activities is irrefutable. It had started long ago from 1960 with the construction of her first earth satellite station in Kuantan, Pahang. Apart from building the earth satellite stations, Malaysia also has involved in various space applications and activities. These include telecommunication and broadcasting, remote sensing, meteorology, navigation, satellite manufacturing and launching, astronaut programme, suborbital space plane, commercial space ports and so forth. Such activities in fact need proper regulations. Even though some of these activities are at initial stages of involvement, however, there is a great opportunity for further engagement. Since Malaysia has no specific law deals with outer space activities, thus this paper discusses the legal rationales why it is necessary to enact the Malaysian outer space legislation. It hopes it will justify the importance of outer space legislation in the context of Malaysia as an actor and a contributor to outer space activities.

Malaysian Space Board Act 2022 (Act 834) was gazetted on January 25, 2022. It is a new outer space legislation that was passed by the Malaysian Parliament. This Act is designed to regulate Malaysian outer space activities that are carried out nationally or internationally. This paper discusses the major legal frameworks of the Malaysian Space Board Act 2022. They are the establishment of the Malaysian Space Board, modes of authorisation of space activities, registration of space objects, liability and indemnification, prohibition of activities and offences, event of incident and accident, power of enforcement of public officers, and other relevant legal matters. The methodology used is by analysing the provisions stated in the Malaysian Space Board Act 2022, works of authoritative writers, and United Nations space conventions and treaties. The paper concludes that the Act is a good space legislation, however, certain matters need to be given consideration like the obligation of constant monitoring and supervision of space activities, and the liability insurance clause.

Wasatiyyah is not a mathematical moderation. It is a form of just evaluation that applies the Islamic conception of justice which asserts putting things in its proper places. Therefore, it should be defined and interpreted according to each circumstance surrounding the issues. With regards to the application of wasatiyyah in other field like outer space law, it requires analysis of the legal rules of outer space activities based on relevant elements of maqasid. This article highlights some legal rules proposed for Malaysia. It analyses each circumstances in determining whether the wasatiyyah approach is essential. The article applies the library research method including analysing the works of authoritative writers, as well as the United Nations international conventions on outer space. The findings demonstrate that the wasatiyyah approach is appropriate and proper to be applied in formulating and drafting Malaysian outer space law. It has been proven as well that it is capable of generating an excellent outcome of Malaysian space legislation.

his is a policy oriented and comparatively oriented textbook on air and space law for students and practitioners. It covers the history and development in air and space law; their interrelationships with the law of the seas and the law of Antartica; institutions working in the field of air and space law; sovereignty in national penal air law; private international air law, especially liability law; and public and private space law Much attention is devoted to the law of air commerce: bilateral air services agreements; inter-airline co-operation; the effect of competition, antitrust and European Union law; deregulation, privatization and commercialization of air transport; ownership and control of airlines, and airline alliances; multilateralisation of air transport; and congestion and environmental controls. The last chapter of the book briefly deals with the legal aspects of commercial outer space application. Increasingly, air transport, both in fact and in law, is becoming an ordinary industry like any other and is being treated as such. Rapidly, commercial outer space activities are being privatized and commercialized.

Communication refers to exchanging of information or news. In today’s high advanced technology of society, communication becomes one of the most challenging areas to the government and society. Any kind of information or news could be spread rapidly in a few second irrepressibly, which could – at some cases- threaten the security of a country as well as the peaceful life of a society. In view of this, it is vital to have an adequate education in communication laws especially for those who will be involved in that sector. Thus, this paper highlights the Malaysian Communication Laws course prepared for some programmes in Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia with special discussion on how its modules might shape the personality of the students by combining the civil and Syariah approaches. This article applies the library research method as well the instructors’ experiences as a basis of arguments and discussion. The findings show the significance of learning the course with such dual-approach in shaping the Muslim students’ or learners’ personalities with the hope they are equipped intellectually and spiritually in handling the current and upcoming confronts and challenges.

Tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat merupakan salah satu ciri utama dalam pewarisan harta mengikut adat perpatih yang memberikan amanah kepada kaum perempuan untuk mewarisi tanah adat. Namun, timbul persoalan tentang tahap pengamalan masyarakat terhadap undang-undang ini pada hari ini dan isu-isu yang timbul sepanjang perlaksanaan undang-undang tersebut. Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti tahap amalan masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan terhadap tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat serta isu-isu yang berkaitan dengannya. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan kaedah survei yang melibatkan 525 orang sampel berdasarkan teknik prosedur pensampelan rawak mudah. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap amalan masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan terhadap tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat masih lagi tinggi. Namun, terdapat beberapa isu yang timbul di sepanjang perlaksanaan undang-undang ini. Masalah yang timbul berpunca sama ada di pihak pejabat tanah mahupun pengamal tanah adat itu sendiri. Implikasi kajian ini ialah dapat meningkatkan kesedaran masyarakat terhadap tahap amalan dan isu-isu yang timbul berkaitan tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat. Kajian lanjutan boleh dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti kaedah yang terbaik untuk menangani masalah-masalah yang timbul agar amalan tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat boleh dilaksanakan dalam suasana yang lebih harmoni.

Tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat merupakan salah satu ciri utama dalam pewarisan harta mengikut adat perpatih yang memberikan amanah kepada kaum perempuan untuk mewarisi tanah adat. Namun, timbul persoalan tentang tahap pengamalan masyarakat terhadap undang-undang ini pada hari ini dan isu-isu yang timbul sepanjang perlaksanaan undang-undang tersebut. Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti tahap amalan masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan terhadap tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat serta isu-isu yang berkaitan dengannya. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan kaedah survei yang melibatkan 525 orang sampel berdasarkan teknik prosedur pensampelan rawak mudah. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap amalan masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan terhadap tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat masih lagi tinggi. Namun, terdapat beberapa isu yang timbul di sepanjang perlaksanaan undang-undang ini. Masalah yang timbul berpunca sama ada di pihak pejabat tanah mahupun pengamal tanah adat itu sendiri. Implikasi kajian ini ialah dapat meningkatkan kesedaran masyarakat terhadap tahap amalan dan isu-isu yang timbul berkaitan tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat. Kajian lanjutan boleh dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti kaedah yang terbaik untuk menangani masalah-masalah yang timbul agar amalan tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat boleh dilaksanakan dalam suasana yang lebih harmoni.

Tanah adat merupakan salah satu ciri utama dalam sistem pewarisan harta mengikut Adat Perpatih yang diamalkan oleh masyarakat di Negeri Sembilan secara turun-temurun sehingga ke hari ini. Amalan undang-undang tanah adat yang sedia ada, hanya waris wanita sahaja yang dibenarkan untuk memiliki tanah adat. Hal ini adalah untuk memelihara kaum wanita daripada hidup berpelesiran sekali gus mengangkat martabat wanita sebagai penyambung keturunan. Namun timbul persoalan berkaitan tahap kefahaman masyarakat pada masa kini terhadap konsep tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat yang diamalkan. Justeru, objektif kajian adalah untuk mengetahui tahap kefahaman masyarakat di daerah Rembau, Kuala Pilah dan Tampin, Negeri Sembilan terhadap konsep tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat. Kajian ini menggabungkan kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang melibatkan dokumentasi, temubual dan kaji selidik. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap kefahaman masyarakat tentang tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat semakin berkurang dikalangan generasi muda. Implikasi kajian ini ialah dapat meningkatkan lagi kesedaran dan kefahaman masyarakat tentang tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat menurut Syarak. Kajian lanjutan boleh dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti kaedah yang terbaik untuk meningkatkan kefahaman masyarakat terhadap tanah adat dan undang-undang tanah adat sama ada melalui Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Sembilan ataupun pihak-pihak tertentu.