Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of different lipid sources (animal and plant) duringchilled storage on the formation of cholesterol and cholesterol oxidation products in sausages formulated withchicken fat and red palm mid fraction. The commercial sample, as represented by the chicken sausage and themechanical deboned meat sausage was analyzed as a comparison. The sausages were produced in a plant scalefor two batches, vacuum packed and stored at -4°C or chilled condition. At time intervals of week 0, 1, 2 and3, the sausages were analyzed using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector for determiningcholesterol and cholesterol oxidations products, which were 25-hyroxycholesterol,-epoxycholesterol,-epoxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol. This study showed the variable amount of compounds analyzedthroughout the period of analysis, 25-hydroxycholesterol detected in PMF at week 3 (0.77 ppm). Thesignificantly high amount of cholesterol was detected in MDM (239.99 ppm) at week 3. The different type ofsausages formulated with chicken fat and palm mid fraction which were animal and plant fats, respectively didnot show any significant changes towards the formation of cholesterol and COPs throughout the storageperiod in chilled condition. It is recommended for future works to prolong the period of storage to obtainconcrete result at the end of analysis, analyze the compounds using gas chromatography with massspectrometry to improve the detection limit and to expand the reference standard of cholesterol oxidationproducts to be used as the compounds may varies. Key words: Cholesterol Cholesterol oxidized products Sausages

A diet containing cholesterol is an essential component of biological function; however, cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) remain a major public health concern. This study investigated the effects of cooking methods (boiling and frying) on the production levels of COPs in processed foods. Samples, as represented by minced beef, chicken sausages, and fish fillets, were subjected to different cooking methods followed by COP extraction using a saponification method. Then, six common COPs, 5α-cholest, α-epoxy, β-epoxy, 25-HC, triol, and 7-keto, were quantified by triple quadrupole gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS/MS). A significantly high number of COPs were detected in minced meat, of which 7-keto and triol were detected as major oxidation products, followed by chicken sausages and fish fillets (p ≤ 0.05). Compared to boiling, frying generated significantly more COPs, specifically triol (0.001-0.004 mg/kg) and 7-keto (0.001-0.200 mg/kg), in all samples. Interestingly, cholesterol level was found to be slightly (but not significantly) decreased in heat-treated samples due to oxidation during cooking, producing a higher number of COPs. Notably, the fish fillets were found to produce the fewest COPs due to the presence of a low amount of cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acids. In conclusion, adapting boiling as a way of cooking and choosing the right type of meat could serve to reduce COPs in processed foods.